182 



VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY 



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Loxomma and Pteroplax and has pointed 

 out their many striking resemblances to 

 those of the Carboniferous crossopterygian 

 Megalichthys. These resemblances are 

 carried out in so many finer details that 

 one cannot escape the conviction that the 

 two groups are closely related. 



It may be said in concluding this very 

 much abbreviated account of the extinct 

 Amphibia, that recent discoveries of early 

 land vertebrates of the Texas and New 

 Mexico Permian by Williston and his 

 colleagues, has revealed a number of 

 genera that show a combination of am- 

 phibian and reptilian characters. Some- 

 FiG. 106.— Stegocephalian, times it is difficult to decide readily 

 Branchiosaurus amblystomvs. ^^ether the creature belongs to one or 

 (From Eastman-Zittel.) , ,. 



the other group. These forms are evi- 



No Pm 



Fig. 107. — A, dorsal and B, ventral views of the cranium of Branchiosaurus 

 salamandroides (after Fritsch). C, posterior view of cranium of Tiemaiosaurus 

 (after Fraas). Br, branchial arches; C, condyle; Ep, epiotic; F, frontal; J, jugal, 

 L. 0, lateral occipital (exoccipital) ; M, maxillary; N, nasal; No, nostril; Pa, 

 parietal; PI, palatine; Pin, premaxillary; P.o, postorbital; Pr.f, prefrontal; Ps, 

 parasphenoid; Pt, pterygoid; Ptf, postfrontal; 0, quadrate; Oj, quadratojugal; 

 So, supraoccipital; Sq, squamosal; Si, supratemporal; V, vomer. (From Gadow.) 



