18 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. suRVEY. [Bull. 
Host and Distr.: Panicum sanguinale, Centreville, Aug. 
10, Sept. 1, 1902; Unionville, Aug. 26, 1902; New Haven, 
Sept., 1902, Oct. 5, 1904; Westville, Aug. 25, 1903; Monto- 
wese, Sept. 14, 1903; New Canaan, Sept. 29, 1903. 
This is one of the common grass smuts here as elsewhere, 
and is to be looked for in the fall of the year. 
Ustilago spermophora B. & C. Fig. 52. The brown- 
black dusty sori occur in the ovaries, infesting one here and 
there; they show as small ovate bodies, about 2 mm. in length, 
extending between the spreading glumes, and are at first pro- 
tected by a thin ovary membrane at the apex of which are the 
remains of the styles. The spores are light brown, ovoid to 
subspherical, usually prominently echinulate, and 8-11, or 
occasionally 134 in length. 
Host and Distr.: Eragrostis major, New Haven, Oct. 31, 
1902; Westville, Oct. 17, 1903. 
The sori usually occur in only a few of the ovaries, and 
are so inconspicuous that the smut is easily overlooked. Fig. 
52 shows isolated spikelets of the grass with a single sorus in 
each. 
Ustilago Eriocauli (Mass.) Clint. The sori occur in the 
ovaries, scarcely showing between the glumes as slightly 
swollen ovoid bodies about 1 mm. in length; a thin membrane 
protects the rather firm, at first semi-agglutinated, but finally 
dusty, olive-black spore mass. The spores are polyhedral, sub- 
spherical, or occasionally more elongated, rather prominently 
verruculose, and 9-15 in length. 
Host and Distr.: Eriocaulon septangulare, Whitneyville, 
Sept. 21, 1902. 
It requires very close examination to detect the flower heads 
containing this inconspicuous smut, since they resemble the 
normal ones. The smut should be searched for in the fall. 
Ustilago sphzrogena Burr. Fig. 53. The sori occupy 
the ovaries, forming ovate bodies, 4-10 mm. in length, which 
are covered by a tough hispid plant membrane that ruptures 
irregularly from the apex, disclosing at first an agglutinated, 
but finally a dusty, olive brown spore mass. The spores are 
ovoid to subspherical, prominently and sharply echinulate, and 
9-12 in length. 
