(ralium.. KUBIACE.E. 35 



either solitary or few and sessile in the axils of the leaves, produced all summer; 

 stiimles lon--setiferous. — L. Hort. Cliff. App. 4!.iM. ct Gen. ed. i'. 2',il (bad .lur- 

 acter, genu- there attributed to Grouoviu-) ; Jarn. Ir. Ear. t. :.".i ; Lam. III. i. I'TG. 

 t. 63 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. l's. excl. spec. 3. Diodin § Endiodia, DC. 



§ 1. Style 2-cleft and -tii^mas filiform, and anthers nearly linear; both ex- 

 serteil : fruit somewhat drupateous-rieshy before maturitv. 



D. Virginiana, L. Diffusely spreading or procumhent from a perennial root, from nearly 

 glabrous tn hii>iire : leaves from oblong to lanceolate, inch or two Iniig. bright green, ivith 

 4 or 5 pairs of oblique leiu? : stipular brisilt-s strong and fiat, not very mauv, comnionly 

 sparingly hirsute : eoroUa about half-inch long, with slender tube: fruit .3 or 4 lines long, 

 from glabrous to hirsute, crowned with 2 (or sometimes 3 or 4) lanceolate conspicuous calvx- 

 teeth : carpels suberuse-crustaceous, with a thin epiearp, 3-costate on the back. — ^pe^■. i. 1 U4, 

 & Mant. ii. 330; Torr. i Gray, Fl. ii. 29, with vars. D. Viiylnico, .Jacq. Ic. Ear. 1. c. ; Lam. 

 1. c; ilichx. Fl. i. 181 ; Pursh, Fl. i. 105; DC. Prodr. iv. rvyl. D. tclratjona, fl'alt. Car. >7. 

 D. hirsula, Pursh. Fl. i. 106. Sj^r^macoce Virginiana. A. Rich. Mem. Eub. t. 4. no. 3, fruit 

 only, — Low gr^juuds, along streams, ."^ Xew Jersey to I'lurida, Texas, and Arkan>as. 



§ 2. Style entire : stii;ma eapitate-2-lobed. and with the short anthei\s shorter 

 than the purplish corolla-loljes ; fruit wholly dry and thin-crustaeeous. 



D. teres, Walt. Diffusely spreading or ascending from an annual bat sometimes lignescent 

 root, rigid, from puberulent to hirsute : Jjranches terete, rather quadrangular ahoxe : leaves 

 from linear to lanceolate, commonlv inch long, rather rigid, scaKmus : bristles of the trun- 

 cate stipules numerous, bjug and slender, usually equalling the flowers and surpassing the 

 fruit: corolla only 3 lines long: fruit obovate-turbinate, commonly hispidulous, only 2 lines 

 high, crowned with the mostly 4 shorter and equal or unequal delteid-lanceolate or at length 

 ovate calyx-lobes, often 3 on one carpel and one on the other, — Car. .s: ; DC. Prodr. iv, 562 ; 

 Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Diodia, Gronov. in C'layt, Fl. Virg. ed. 1, 71, ed. 2, 17, at least in part, 

 fide herb. >permacoce diodina, !Michx. Fl. i. 82 ; Pursh, Fl. i. 8.5. — Sandy soil, New .Jer.-ey 

 and Penn., toward the coast, to Florida, Texas, and in Mississippi Valley to W. Illinois, 

 (.V'lj .Mex., T^'. Ind., for it probably includes Lf. prostrata, S^^artz.) 



Var. angustata. Slender : stem often simple, all the upper part quadrangular : 

 leaves narrowly linear-lanceolate or linear: fruit hispidulous to puberulent, varying to quite 

 smooth, and to smooth and glabra jus herljage. — D. teres, var.? Gray, PI. TTright. ii. 69. — 

 S. Arizona, Thurher, Wriglii, Lemmon, the latter specimens a remarkably smooth form. 



26. GALIUM, L. Bed,^teaw. Cleavers. [^Gallium, as written by the 

 old herbalists, and even by Tournefort : supposed to come from yaXa. mUk, which 

 some spei;ies were used to curdle, in place of rennet.) — Very large genus, in- 

 digenous to all temperate regions : leaves sessile : flowers small, in summer. — 

 Gen. ed. 5, 46. Goliuiu &. Aparine. L. Gen. ed. l-o. GaHium, Aparine. iz 

 C'ruciata. Tourn. Galiam i5c Selhunium. Benth. &: Hook. Gen. ii. 149. 



RiTBiA (B. tincforia, L., of the Old World, is the cultivated iLvDDEE) has 5-merous flowers 

 and baccate fruit, the latter a character of several species of Gunnm. 



AspEEULA odok.4ta, L,, the Woodruff of Europe, sweet-sceuted in drying, has been occa- 

 sionally foimd around German settlements. 



§ 1. Species locally naturalized in the Atlantic States : fruit dry at maturity. 



(j. VEKTM, L. Perennial: stems smooth, erect: leaves 8 or sometimes 6 in the whorls, linear, 

 roughish, soon deflexed : flowers very numerous, paniculate, yellow, rarely cream-color : 

 fruit usually smooth. — Dry fields. E, ilassaehusetts, (Xat, from Ea.) 

 -G. MtiLLt/oO, L. Perennial, smooth throughout : stems erect or diffuse, 2 or 3 feet long : leaves 

 8 or on branchlets 6 in the whorls, oblanceolate to nearly linear : flowers very numerous in 

 ample almost leafless panicles : fruit smooth. — Roadsides and fields, Xew York and Penn. 

 [Sax. from Eu.) 



