Galium. RUBIACE.E. 



> I 



G. proliferum, Gbat. IMr.re branching, Lss hi-|iiaulor^ or glabrate, iveaker: leaves thin- 

 ner, oval or oblong, alternate ones ratlier smaller : flowers solitary terminating a pedunculi- 

 form axiUary branch uf t\vi,e or thrice the length of the whorled leaves, and the fruit bartlv 

 surpassed by its pair of bracts, or one or even two more by proliflcation from the bracts : 

 fruit of the precediiiy —PI. Wright, ii. u:. G. virgntum, iar. lilffnsiim. Gray, PI. Wri'.'ht. 

 i. SO. — Stony hills, along the Eio Grande between Texas and Xew Mexico, Wriql,f.'&c. 

 Hills near Tucson. Arizuua, PcfVc. Perhaps .s Utah, J/. £■. Jo;» .-, specimen insufficient. 

 (Adj. ilex.. Palmer.) 



* * Perennials, wholly herbaceous; slender roots of several species containinc; red coloring-matter 

 (madder): flowers hermaphi'odite (at least not diacious) : bristles on the fruit short and uncinate 

 or none. 



•f— Leaves in fours throughout or rarely even fewer, comparatively large, either broad or inch or 

 more long, none cus[.idate-pointed, , 



•H- Broad, one-iHTv,-d. with usually an obscure pair of lateral veins at base: flowers yellowish 

 white to brown-purplish: fruit hispid. 



^G. pilosum. Ait. Commonly hirsutulons-pubescent : stems ascending, two feet long, panic- 

 ulately branched above : leaves oval, callous-mucronulate, puncticulate (the largest hardly 

 inch long): cymules few-fi<.wered : flowers all ^llMrt-];edicelled. — Ait. Kew. i. 145; Pursh, 

 Fl. i. 104 ; Torr. i Gray, Fl. ii. 24. G. Bermiidense, L. Spec. i. 105, as to syu. Pink., from 

 which also the specific name, hut with the incongruous char, "foliis linearibus"; and tl.e 

 plant seems unknown from Bermuda. G. pur/nireum, Walt. Car. S7. not L. G. puncticu/osuni, 

 var. pilosiim. DC. Prodr. iv. 601. — Open woods in dry soU, S. New England to Indiana, 

 Arkansas, Texas, and Florida. {G. obovatum, HBIv.. of S. America, is near to thi?.) 



Var. puncticulosum, Toer. & Gray, 1. e. .\lmost glabri m? : leaves varying to 



eUiptical-oblong, hispidulous-ciliate. — G. Bermudense, L. 1. c. as to .syn. Gronov. G. pwiclica 

 U'iiim, lilichx. Fl. i. 80; DC. 1. e. G. Bennudtanum, Pursh, Fl. i. 104. G. ptmctatum, Pers. 

 Syn. i. 12S. — Virginia to Texas. 



"•+ ++ Leaves broad, distinctly 3-nerved, pointless or merely callous-mucronate: flowers never 

 brigbt white. 



^ Fruit hispid: cymes rather few-flowered, with divisions or peduncles in fruit divaricate or di- 

 verging: corolla from dull cream-color or greenish to brown-purplish: ^t^.'m^ comparatively 

 simple and low. 



G. Kamtscliatictlin, Steller. a span to a foot high; stems weak, mainly glabrous : 

 leaves orbicular to oblong-ovate, thin (half-inch to inch or so long), slightly jiiluse or hirsutu- 

 lons, at least the nerves and margins : flowers few or several in the pedunculate cymules, 

 all distinctly and rather slenderly pedicellate: corolla glal>runs, yellowisli white, not turning 

 dark, its lolies merely acute. — Steller in Ecem. & Sehult. Syst. iii. Mant. isr, : Gray, Proc. 

 Am. Acad. xix. SO. G. obomltim, Ledeb. Fl. Ross. ii. 412 ; Schmidt, Fl. S.n.hal. Hji ; Maxim. 

 Mel. Biol. ix. &c., not of HBK., which is S. Amer. and has pinnately veiny leaves. G. Lit- 

 tellii, Cakes in Hovey ilag. vii. 177 (1841) ; Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. viii. 3SS. G. cirrcezans, 

 var. montanum, Torr. & liray, Fl. ii. 24. — Mountains of Gaspe, Lower Canada (Dr. Allen}, 

 higher mountains of New l^ngland {Liltell, TucL':rman, Oukts, &c.) ; alsu thtjse of *.)regon 

 and Washington Terr. {Hail, Howell, Henderson, ■'•iil.sdorf, chiefly forms with oblong-ovate 

 and acutish leaves), to Unalaska, Eschscholtz. (Adj. E. Asia, the Sachalin plant exactly that 

 of X. Xew England and Canada.) 



G. circsezans, Michx. About a foot high, hirsntulous-pubescent or glabrate ; leaves oval 

 or oblong-ovate, obtuse (largest inch and a half long) : flowers short-pedicelled or subsessile 

 in the fork and along the simple branches of the cyme : fruit at length deflexed : corolla 

 greenish, hirsutulous outside, the lobes acute or acuminate. — Fl. i. SO: DC. 1. c. : Torr. & 

 Gray. 1. c. excl. vars. G. brachialum, Muhl. Cat., not Pursh. G. boreale ? Walt. Car. 2.57. 

 G. circceoides, Ecem. & Schnlt. Syst. iii. 2.56. — Dry woods. Canada to Florida, X. W. Arkan- 

 sas, and Texas. Leaves sweet-tasted, wherefore called Wild Liquorice. 

 ' G. lanceolatum, Torr. a foot or two high, simple-stemmed, nearly glabrous: leaves 

 (except lowest) broadly lanceolate, verging to ovate-lanceulate, acute or acutish (2 inclies 

 long) : corolla glabrous, larger and the lobes more acuminate than in precediui:. yellowish 

 turning dull purple: inflorescence similar: fruit less hispid. — Fl. X. & Midd. States. 168; 

 Hook. PI. i. 280; Gray, Man. G. Turreyi, Bigel. Fl. Bost. ed. 2, 56. G. cu-orzans, var. 



