Galium. EUBIACEJE. 39 



filifonn peduncles or branchlet?, and on flliiorm but rather short pedicels : coroUas bright 

 white. — Yl. ii. 23 : Grav, Man. 1. c. Perhaps G. pan-ijiorum, Raf. in Med. Kep. v. .3C0, & 

 De^v. Jour. Bot. i. i27 ? — Dry hilk, Pennsylvania and Virginia to Mirhigan, Illiuiji.?, Ken- 

 tucky, and Arkansas, fii-st coll. liy .ihort. 



■i— -i— -i— Leaves in si.ses, sometimes fives or on the branchlets fours, cuspidately mucronate or 

 acuminate. 



■>-!- Fruit smooth and glabrous: plant rough and adhesive by retrorse prickles: flowers biiirlit 

 while. 



* G. asprellum, ilicnx. Glabrous, paniculately branched, erect and 2 feet higli, or when sup- 

 ported by bushes 3 to .5 feet high, very floriferous: leaves lanceolate, abuut half-inch lomr. in 

 si-xes or on the branclilet~ Am-- or fours : their margins, midrib beneath, and prominent angles 

 of the stem armed with strong retrorse prickles rather than bristles : t yme- many-flowered : 

 fruits small, like tlm^e of G. irifidum. — Fl. i. <;- ; DC. Prodr. iv. 5j^: Torr. & Gray, 

 Fl. ii. 2-3 G. Pentifyh-anlcum, Muhl. Cat. : WiUd. ex Ecem. & > hult. ■'^ysr. Mant. iii. 1^.3. 

 G. spinulosum, Eaf. Prec. Der.jin . 1^14, 40. G. micranthum, Pursh, Fl. i. 103 ? bythe char., 

 except as to fruit. — Alluvial ground, tspei iaJly low and thaJed banks of streams. Canada, 

 Xew England to Michigan and mountains of Carolina. (E. Asia ') 



■i-^ -TT- Fruit from scabrous orpapiU'ise to uncinately lii-pid: ancrles of the siern and midrib beneath 

 minutely retrorse-hi-pidulou- or scabrous or nearly naked in the same -pecii-s: margins of leaves 

 either antror--eIy or retrorsely hispidulou^-ciijolate, or naked in the same species, or even on 

 differejit pans of same leaf. 



G. asperrimuni, Geat. ."^tems erect or diffusely ascending, but weak, a foot or two high, 

 probably from a perennial root : li-avns lanceolate (about half-inch to inch long; : cymes 

 twice or thrice dichotoiinju-. with filiform peduncles and pedicel- : corolla white or turning 

 purplish: ovary merely puberulent or scalir>.'us: frnlt granulate-si-aljr<jus. and sometimes 

 minutely liispidukms. — PL Fendl. 60, & Bot. CaUf. i. 2^4 ; Watson. Bot. King Exp. 1.34; 

 Korhrnck in AYheeler Rep. vi. 13^. — >hady places in mountains, Xew ^lexjco (first coU. by 

 Fendleri and Arizona to Nevada, California, and E. Tlregon : nnjstly var. asperuhm, Gray, 

 Bot. Calif. 1. c. ; but the hispid or hisfiidnlous roughness very variable. 

 ■ G. triflorum, ilicnx. Diffusely procumbent, smoothish: herbage =^^eet scented (as of 

 Asperula odorata) in drying: stems a foot to a jard long: leaies elliptical-lanceolate to 

 narrowly oblong (inch or two loni') : crmes once or twice 3-rayed : pjedieels soon divari- 

 cate : corolla yellowish white to LTeenisli. its lobe? hardly snrpa=sii^g the bristles of tlie 

 ovary : fruit nncinate-hispid. — FL i. SO : Willd. Hort. Berol. t. 66 ; Pursh, Fl. i. 104 : H'jok. 

 L c. ;" Torr. &. Gray, L c. G. cusjiidafum, 3Iuhl. Cat. . Ell. .Sk. i. IS? DC. 1. c. G. bra- 

 chiatum, Fur-:h, 1. c. 103. <j. suavfolens, WahL Fl. Lapp. 4s. G. Ptnni^ihonicum, Barton, 

 Comp. Fl. Philad. S3. ^ Open and dry or moi^t wO'"ls. Canada to Alabama, Colorado, Rocky 

 Mountains. AV. California, and north to Alaskan Islands. (X. Eu., .Japan.) 



# * * Perennials with suffrutescent or suffrutic'i^e base : leaves 4 in the whorls : their marL'ins, 

 midrib, and anirle^ of stem de-titute of retrorse hi^pidness or roughness: fruit hirsute with long 

 and straight (not at all tmcinate-tipped) bristles: Western specie? of arid districts. — § Tiicho- 

 galium, Gray. 

 •i — Flowers hermaphrodite or monoecious-polygamous, paniculate and slii:irt-pedicelled, small: 

 corolla only a line in diameter, brown-purple: stems numerous in tuft? from the woody base, 

 a foot or less hi:rh. slender, ranch branched: leaves narrow, 2 to 4 lines long, one-nerved, 

 pointless. 

 G. Rothrockii, Ge.^t. Glabrous, erect : leaves narrowly linear, rigid : bristles not very 

 Ci.pi.ius. not longer than the body of the fruit. — Proc. Am. Acad. xvii. 203. — S. Arizona, 

 irr/'//./ (mixed with the foUowing species), Rothrocl; Lfmmon. (Lower Calif., Orcutt.) 

 G. "Wriglltii, Geat. Hirsute-pubescent throughout, diffuse : leaves linear to narrowly 

 oblong, hardly at all rigid : bristles of fruit as loner as its diameter. — Fl. Wright, i. SO. ii. 

 67. — Crevices of r'jcks in ravines, W. Texas to .'^. Arizona, TVrigM,Lemmon. 



.i— .—- Flowers dioecious : corolla greenish white or yellowish. 

 .^.^ Leaves narrowly linear, with midrib little prominent and no lateral nerves or veins : stems 

 eloD crated. 

 -G. angustifolium, Xm. Becoming shrubby at base, 1 t« 4 feet high, with rigid i irgate 

 branches, smooth and glabrous or minutely pruiuose-pubemlent : leaves barely mucronulate 



