44 VALERIANACE^E. Valeriana. 



corolla almost filiform, half-inch and more long, several times longer than the throat and 

 limb. — M. i. 18; Nutt. Gen, i. 20; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. — Alluvial river-banks, Pennsylvania 

 to Illinois, Missouri, and Tennessee ; first coll. by Michaux, 

 * # * Sarmentose-climbing or diffuse, with fibrous I'oots, glabrous; flowers very numerous in 



diffuse and compound paniculate cymes: bracts very small; corolla minute, seldom over a line 



long. 

 — V. sorbifolia, IIBK. A diffuse form of tlie Mexican species ; stem weak, 2 or 3 feet long, 

 springing from an annually produced small ublong tuber: leaves pinnate (except sometimes 

 the radical), 5-13-foliolate; leaflets from rounded-ovate to oblong-lanceolate, coarsely ser- 

 rate, or even laciniate : cymes loosely flowered in an elongated and naked (often foot long) 

 terminal panicle. — Nov. Gen. & Spec. iii. 332. — Canon in the Huachuca Mountains, S. Ari- 

 zona, Lemmon, in a form with only 5 to 7 unusually large and broad leaflets, some almost 

 2 inches long, from rounded-ovate to oblong. (Mex.) 

 V. Scandens, L. Root unknown : stem sarmentose and feebly twining, branching : leaves 

 long-petioled ; cauline 3-foliolate, with leaflets from deltoid- to oblong-ovate, acuminate, 

 entire or repand, rarely with a few teeth, or lowest leaves simple and cordate : panicles 

 effuse, axillary and terminal, elongated, the ultimate branches with the sessile flowers spi- 

 cately disposed. — Spec. ed. 2, i. 27 ; WiUd. Spec. i. 180 ; DC. 1. c. ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 47. 

 — Thickets in S. Plorida, climbing several feet high. {W. Ind. to Brazil.) 



2. VALEBIANELLA, Tourn. Coex Salad. (Diminutive of Valen- 

 ana.) — Annuals, commonly winter-annuals (of the northern temperate zone), 

 mostly low or slender and erect, ours glabrous or nearly so, except the fruit : 

 leaves similar in all the species, from obovate to oblong and spatulate, entire or 

 upper ones occasionally incised or toothed, radical rosulate, cauline sessile or even 

 somewhat connate at base : flowers variously glomerate-cymose, the corolla from 

 white to rose-color or rarely bluish. As in some species of Valeriana, so in some 

 of these, the hermaphrodite flowers in different individuals are dimorphous as to 

 size of corolla and exsertion of stamens and style, yet not as in heterogone dimor- 

 phism. —VailL, Haller, etc.; Gray, Proc Am. Acad. xix. 81. Vaferlanella & 

 Fedla, Mcench, Meth. 486, 49;i. Fedia, Ga;rtn. Fruct. ii. 36, t. 86 ; AVoods in 

 Trans. Linn. Soc. xviii. 2.3, t. 21 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 50. Valerlanella, Du- 

 fresnia, Betckea, & Fedia, DC. Prodr. Valerianella, Plectritis, & Fedia, Benth. 

 & Hook. Gen. ii. 155, 156. 



§ 1. Valerianella proper. Corolla with nearly regular 5-parted limb, fun- 

 nelform or more open throat with or without a small" saccate gibbosity at its base 

 anteriorly, and a short proper tube : stamens 3 ; fruit with the two' empty cells 

 manifest, or often enlarged and closed, sometimes at length confluc^nt into one 

 and rarely bursting : calyx-limb in American species none, or a mere tooth or 

 oblique border: stem dichotomous above; the bntnches or pedunculiform branch- 

 lets terminated by corymbosely disposed glomerate cymes or cvmules of small 

 flowers.— /a/c«-aM(7fo,Moench;Dufresne,I-Iist.A'akT."5(i; Krok', Monocr. Valer. 

 in Sven.ska Vetensk. Acad. Handl. v. no. 1, 1864 ; Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 156, 

 excl. § SiphoHella. 



# Introduced species: corolla bluish : a gibbous corlcy mass at tlie back of the fertile coll of the fruit. 

 ■ V. olit6ria, 1'„ll. Fruit flattish and nbli,,uely roundish-rhoml.oi.Url : cniptv celk is hr„e' 

 as crtfle one and its corky back, conti,^u„u.s the thin partition between them ailength 

 break ng up-Hist^^Pl. lalat. i. ,30; M.cnch, 1, c, ; Dufresne, Valer. 56, t. 3, f. S; Ki"*, 

 I c. 88, t^ 4 f. 40._ T . can,hn {& rh,„Mcarpa), Aikin iu V.M.. Man. l!„t. Valeria,,,, l„n,J, 

 ol,t,,,-,a, L Spec. i. 33. h.-rl,,, ol„o,',„. Vahl, Knum. i. 1<) ; Woo.ls, 1. c. 430 t •>4 f 1 ■ Torr 

 & tray, II, „. 51 ; Porter in Am. N'at. vi. 386, fig. 102. -Old fields near dwellh,o.; New 

 iork to leuu. and Louisiana; not common. (Nat. from Eu.) 



