54 COMPOSITE. 



this surrovmcled at base by a series of miuute short bristles or sqnamellffi ; these sometimes 



inconspicuous or obsolete. (One or two species of Erkjeron with ochroleucous and even 



3'ellow rays may be sought here.) 



#**-## Pappus multipaleolate or aristate rather than capillary-setose ; involucre sub- 

 globose or hemi.spherical, of very broad bracts, all or inner ones scarious-margined ; re- 

 ceptacle alveolate-flmbrillate ; the fimbrillie little shorter than the akenes. 



28. AOAMPTOPAPPXJS. Pleads 12-36-tlowered, discoid or radiate : flowers all fertile. 

 Bracts of the involucre chartaceo-coriaceous, round-oval or liroadly oblong and concave, 

 bordered by an erose-fimbriate thin-scarious margin, closely imbricated in about 3 series. 

 Disk-corollas funnelform. Style-branches tipped with a thickish subulate appendage. 

 Akenes glohular-turbinate, very densely long-villous and at length tomentose, 5-nerved 

 under the wool. Pappus hanlly longer than the akene, ecjualling the coroUa, of 1.5 to 18 

 flattened and rigid paleaceous awns, the tips of wliich are mostly a little dilated, and of as 

 many shorter unequal setiform awns or bristles, persistent. 



29. XANTHISMA. Heads many-flowered, radiate ; the flowers all fertile. Bracts of the 

 involucre closely imbricated and appressed, mainly ovate or obovate, with short coriaceous 

 base and herbaceous upper portion, more or less scarious-margined ; some smaller inner 

 ones. Disk-corollas narrowly fnnnfelform. Style-l)ranches tipped with a flliform-subnlate 

 appendage. Akenes turbinate, 4-5-custate-aiigled, and with intermediate less conspicuous 

 ribs, sericeous-pubescent. Papjius paleaceons-aristate, jjersistent, composed of 10 or 12 rigid- 

 bristles which are minutely scabrous aliove, gradually paleaceous-dilated towards the base, 

 and longer than the disk-corolla, as many more one-half shorter, and usually 5 still smaller 

 and shorter external ones. 



****** Pappus capillary-niultisetose and mostly alike in all the flowers, simple, 

 consisting of numerous capillary scabrous bristles in one or more series : receptacle more 

 or less alveolate and the alveoli often dentate. 



-1— Disk-corollas 5-toothed or 5-lobed, the lobes from ovate to oblong or narrower: flowers 

 yelluiv, with rare exceptions : style-appendages from ovate-lanceolate to filiform. 

 27. CHRYSOPSIS. Species with outer pappus obscure or wanting would be sought here. 



30. APLOPAPPUS. Heads usually many-flowered, radiate, rarely discoid, or with infer- 

 tile rays. Disk-corollas narrow, 5-toothed. Involucre usually (but not always) broad; the 

 bracts with or without herbaceous tips. Akenes from turbinate to linear. 



31. BIGELOVIA. Heads 3-30-flowered, destitute of rays, small. Involucre narrow ; the 

 bracts chartaceous or coriaceous, mostly destitute of foliaceous or herbaceous tips. Akenes 

 narrow, terete or angled, hanlly compressed, mostly at least 5-nerved. Pappus of somewhat 

 ecjual bristles. Inflorescence not racemiforni. 



33. SOLIDAGO. Heads fciv- or sei-eral-, rarely many-flowered, mostly radiate, small, com- 

 monly in raceiuiform or spiciform clusters, sometimes fastigiate-cyniose or in a thyrsus. 

 Involucre narrow; its bracts mostly not herbaceous-tij.ped. Akenes terete or angulate,"5-12- 

 nerved or costate. Pappus of equal elongated liristles. Leaves not cordate. 



33. BRACHYCH.STA. Heads (very small) and flowers of ,S„//f/,„/„. Pappus of mere 

 rudimentary bristles, shorter than the akene. Lower and radical leaves cordate. 



■i- -f- Disk-corollas with limb 5-parte,l into long and narrow lobes, in the same genus either 

 yellow, white, or A'iolet-purple : no true rays : style-tips coniose-bearded. 



34. LESSINGIA. Heads homogamous, 5-25-Howered : flowers all perfect. Corollas with 

 slender tube divided into long and narr.nv lobes ; the marginal ones sometimes larger and with 

 a deeper cleft on tlie inner side, somewhat imitating a palmate ligule. Iin olucre canipanula'e 

 or turbinate : its bracts well imbricated and apprcsse.l, mostl^' witli herbaceous tii.s Recep- 

 tacle flat, alve.date. Anthers imdudcd, tippc.l with a slender-subulate appembve Slvle- 

 br.anches tipped with a very short and obtuse or truncate densely hispid aiipen,h.ve wliich 

 usually bears either a setiform cusp among the tufted bristles, or a more conspicuous subu- 

 late ],r..lougation. Akenes turbinate or cuneiform, silky-viUous, 2-5-nerve(b Pappus of 

 numerous and une(pial rigid and scabrous capillary bristles. 



Subtribe II. Heterochbome^. Di.sk of hermaplm.dite ,ind mostly fertile flo,,.., 

 their corolla yellow, or rarely cieani-color, sometimes cbanging to imrple ; the ray not 



[lowers 



