COMPOSIT-E. 57 



than one series, very short and roundish or obtuse stA'le-appendages, small akenes for the 

 grt-arer part 2-uerved, and more suautv or fragile pappus, in m^ny with a conspicuoas short 

 outer series. 



Subtribe III. Coxtze.e. Characters of the preceding subtiibe ; but corolla of the 

 numerous female floiivers reduced to a filiform or short and narrow tube, wholly des- 

 titute of ligule. 



50. CONYZA. Heails small, many-flowered. Bracts of the campanulate involucre narrow, 

 inappendiculate, in 1 to 3 series. Female flowers mucli more numerous than the hermaphro- 

 dite ; their filiform or slender tubular coruUa .-hcirter than tlie disk and style, truncate or 

 2-4-toothed at the apex. ^Vkenes small, comjiressed. Pappus a single series of soft capillary 

 bristles, sometimes an added outer series of sliort bristles or squamella?. 



Subtribe IT. Bacohakide^. Heads discoid and unisexual. Corolla of the fertile flow- 

 ers filiform. Pappus of capillary bristlp.s. 



51. BACCHARIS. Heads completely dioecious, many-flowered. Iiivolucre regularly im- 

 bricated, of sijuamaceous bracts. Keceptacle mostly flat and naked, rarely chaffy. Tlowers 

 of tlie male ln-aJs with tubular-funnelform 5-eleft corolla, and style-branches as ot A^ter or 

 K:^olidago, but the stigmatic portion obscdete and ovaiy abortive; the female with corolla 

 reduced to a slender truncate or minutely toothed tube, shorter than the filiform style. 

 Akenes 5-10<-ostate. Pappus of the m;de flowers of a series of .-(.abrous and often tortuous 

 and more or less claveUate bristles ; of tlie fertile flowers of usuallv more numerous and fine 

 bristles, and often elongated in fruit. Slirtil>lty or some herbaeeuus. 



Tribe TV. Ixcloide^. H&tds heterogamous and either radiate or dis.-oid ; the 

 female flowers being either ligulate or filiform (rarely open-tubitlar), or sometimes 

 homogamous and tubuliflorous. Anthers sagittate, and the base of the lobes produced 

 into more or less of a tail (cavdate) or other appendage. Style-branches of the her- 

 maphrodite flowers filiform or flattish, not appenJagcd : the stigmatic lines running to 

 or vanishing near the roundish or truncate tip, which is at most papillose or somewhat 

 penicillate: style of staminate-sterile flowers commonly entire. Pappus usually capil- 

 lary or none. Leaves mostly alternate and heads homochromous ; the involucre com- 

 monly dry or scarious. rarely foliaceous. .See also >:necionii!icB, subtiibe Tu-isilaginece. 

 (So North American sj'ecies has conspicuous lays, except a naturalized Inula ) 



Subiiibe I. Plucheine.e. Heads discoid, heterogamous and mostly androgynous. In- 

 volucre more or less dry, but hardly scarious. Receptacle not paleaceous. Female 

 flowers with filiform coroUa. Adjacent anther-tails or acuminate bases connate, at 

 least in our genera. 



5S. PLUCHEA. Heads many-flowered, largely of female flowers, a few hermaphrodite but 

 usually sterile ones in the centre. Involucre imbricated, of coriaceous to submembranaceons 

 bracts ; the outer broad, all but the inuernuist persistent. Receptacle flat, naked and glabrous. 

 Corolla of the female flowers reduced to a slender truncate or 2-'.5-t.:ioihed tube, shorter than 

 the style ; of the hermaphrodite-sterile ones regularly 5-cleft, the style either entire or 2-eleft 

 at apex. Akenes small, 4-5-aLgled or sulcate. Pappus a series of capillary and soft or 

 rigid bristles. Heads cymosely clustered or scattered. 



53. PTEROCAULON. Heads and flowers as in Pluchea, but involucre of fewer and 

 linear or subulate bracts: these deciduous with the matured flowers, leaving a few r-liort 

 basal ones wliicb are more persistent, mainly by their implexed wool. I!eceptacle small, 

 naked, sometimes pilose. Heads glomerate and the glomerules spieate. Perennial herbs. 



Subtribe II. Filagine.e. Heads heterogamous, mostly androgynous, discoid. In- 

 volucre of few scarious or firmer bracts. Receptacle chafty ; a chaff (palea) or 

 involucral bract enclosing or subtending each female flower or akene. Corolla of the 

 female flowers a filiform tube, shorter than the style ; of the few hermaphrodite com- 

 monlv sterile flowers regularly 4-5-toothed ; their anthers sometimes only acutely 

 sagittate or auriculate at base, and the short style-branches or undivided style not 



