COMPOSIT.E. 7o 



Receptatle flat, naked, in one species bearing a few setiform bracts or fimbriUae among the 

 flower?. CoToEas with short tulie, L.ng and narrow throat, and short teeth, or in the mar- 

 ginal flowers of some sjiecies with larger lobes or even imperfect palmate ligules, forming a 

 kind of rav. ^Vntliers usually partly exserted. Style-branches pubescent nearly throughout, 

 slender, filiform or with attenuate-sabulate tips. Pappus of hyaline ner\ele?s pale« (or 

 rarely with the vestige of a custai, in one species wanting. 



•)— -4— -!— -i— T— 4— Involucre many-flowered, hemispherical; its bracts in 2 or 3 series, 

 thiu-herhaceiius, rather loose, sometimes unequal, from linear to oblong, plane : receptacle 

 flat, corueou>-scrobiculate : disk-coroUas with long and narrow throat and 5 -liort lobes 

 or teeth : >t\ le-branches with short and thickened obtuse tips : akenes linear-clavate or 

 cuneate-oblong, vdlous : pappus of 4 or 5 wholly hyaline paleae ; these er.'-e or lacerate at 

 summit, or dissected into capillary bristles : leaves mostly alternate, woolly or glabrate. 



154. HULSEA. Bracts of the involucre linear or lanceolate. Ray-flower.s nanierous (10 

 to 60) and ligulate, but sometimes short and inconspicuous. Di.-k-rorcilla< with proper tube 

 slender or narrow, but shorter thau the cylindracetius throat. Akenes linear-cuneate, com- 

 pressed or somewhat tetragonal, soft-viUcius, especially the margins. Pappus of mostly 4 

 truncate paleffi, from erose or lacerate at summit to nearly entire. 



155. TRICHOPTILIUM. Bracts of the involucre about 20. equal; those of the outer 

 series ovate-lanceolate ; those of the inner narrowly spatulate or lanceolate and membrana- 

 ceous. Kay-flowers none. Disk-flowers .30 to 40 : the corollas with very short tube, cylin- 

 draceous-funnelform throat, and .5 short ovate lobes, those of the marginal flo^ver? sliglitly 

 enlarged after the maimer of Chrnaetia, but regular, the ner\'es deeply intramarginal. 

 Anther-tips oblong-lanceolate. Style-branches linear, glabrous and with stigmatic lines 

 continued up to the obtuse tip. Akenes oblong-turbinate, .5-nerved or angled, hirsute-vil- 

 lous. Pajiptis of 5 ovate or obloncr hvaline nerveless palese, which are resolved above into 

 numerous slender bristles, the middle ones rather shorter than the corolla. 



* * * * Receptacle flattish or convex, many-flowered: ray-flowers female and fertile; 

 those of the disk sterile : iuvolucral bracts few in a tingle series, broad and plane, mem- 

 branaceous ; akenes p^'riform. 



156. BLENNOSPERMA. Involucre hemispherical or depressed ; its bracts 5 to 12, equal, 

 oblonc, plane, herbaceous or partly membranaceous, the tips sometimes colored, the bases 

 somewhat united. Ray-flowers .5 to 12 : some of them in our species not rarely apetalouj, 

 the others with ligule oblong or elliptical, entire, sessile on the ovary, being destitute of tube : 

 style-branches flat, linear or oblong. Disk-flowers numerous (20 or more): coroUas with 

 narrow tube, abruptly expanded into a broadly campanulate 4-5-lobed limb: anthers oval: 

 stvle undivided, with capitate or disk-shaped apex : ovary abortii e, a mere rudiment, 

 Akene? (of the ray) obscurely S-10-ribbed, with small areola, wholly destitute of pappus; 

 the surface powdered with papillae which develop mucilage when wet. 



4f; # * * * Receptacle from convex to oblong : involucre many-flowered, various, of more 

 than one series of bracts, or irregular: akenes short, obpyramidal or turbinate, souietimes 

 more obloD", 5-lCR-ostate or angled, mostly silky-vUlous or hirsute: di,~k-flcjwers all fer- 

 tile ; the corolla 4-5-toothed : leaves alternate, in many minutely impressed-punctate or 

 resiuous-atomiferous. 



~- Receptacle naked, i. e. destitute of aivn-Hke fimbriUa; among the flowers : stvle-hranches 

 of the disk-flowers dilated-truncate and somewhat penicUlate at tip. 



+-r Involucre erect, at least not spreading or reflexed. 

 148. HYMENOPAPPUS, vvith turbinate or obpyramidal costate akenes, might be sought 

 here. 

 64. PLXJMMERA is like Actinella § Eymenorijs, without pappus, and disk-fli:iwers sterile. 



157. ACTINELLA. Heads radiate (except in S. American species). Involucre campan- 

 ulate or hemispherical, or sometimes broader; its bracts in two or more ^erii-s. somewhat 

 herbaceous or coriaceous, often rigid ; outer sometimes united. Receptacle from conical to 

 convex. Rays fertile. Pappus of 5 to 12 thin and mostly hyaline pale*, with more or less 

 manifest cc^sta or none; these sometimes truncate, more commonly acuminate or aristate at 

 tip. ilostlv low herbs, and bitter-aromatic. 



