COilPOSITJE. SI 



or linear spreiidins lobe? longer than the short-campannlate throat. Anthers wholly 

 exserted, acutelv and even caudately sagittate at liase : the tip- triantriilar-lanceolate. 

 Sryle-I.raii.lie< Hatti-h, the truncate and minutely penioiUate tij)? terminated In- a ^ery 

 short and low obtuse cone. Akenes terete, slic.rt, .ilisrtirely S-nerved, from extremely lono-- 

 rillous to glahrate or even glal irons. l'appu.s of fine and soft minutely scabrous capillar\- long 

 bristles, white or whitish. 



-I— H 1— Involucre of numerous or several conniveiit-erect herbaceous equal bracts (with 



or without sliort accessory- ones at hasel. luany-tlowered, or in some specie.- of Cacalia of 

 few Ijraits and few-flowered : tiurs herl^s. the tiowers all fertile : heaiU either homogamous 

 or heterogamous with ligulate rays. 



•f-i- Pappus of comparatively few and unusually stotit plumose bristles. (Transition to 

 HeJeiuoidea.) 



190. ItAILiLARDELiLA. Heads 15-many-flowered (fewer-flowered onlv in depauperate 

 plants), honiogamoiis or heterogamou-. Involucre cylindraceous or campanulate, a siimle 

 series of linear equal bracts, their edges lightly connate below the middle, or not manifestlv 

 overlapping. Receptacle flat. Ray-flowers (when present) with irregular and cuneate 

 deeply 3— l<'left fertile ligules. Disk-corollas with rather short proper tube, elontrated and 

 narrow-funnelform throat, and 5 ovate obtuse naked teeth. Styie-appendages flattish, liis- 

 pidulous, tapering into lanceolate or cuspidate tips. Akeiies linear, somewhat terete, 

 obscurely several-nerved, pubescent. Pappus of \2 to 25 equal aristiform but soft and 

 plumose bristles, nearly equalling the disk crirullas 



•w- ++ Pappus a single series of numerous rather rigid capillary bristles, from scabrous to 

 baxbellate; leaves chiefly opposite. 



191. ARNICA. Heads many-flowered, conspicuou.sly radiate, or the rays rarely wanting. 

 Involucre campanulate, not calycnlate-bracteolate at liase. of several thin-herbare-ous oblong- 

 lanceolate to linear equal bracts in a single or somewhat double set ies. Pii-ri-]jtacle flat, 

 sometimes fimbriUate or villous. Corollas of the disk-flowers with a commonly elongated 

 Inrstite tube, a ftmnelform or c^'lindraceous throat, .5-lobed at summit. St^■le-l^^anclles 

 flattish, at least above, there hirsute, with obtuse or acute tips. Akenes linear, more or less 

 5-IO-costate or angled. 



++ ^-^ -i-i- Pappus of soft-capillary and merely seal irons very numerous bristles: style- 

 branches narrow, truncate or capitellate and often bearing a bearded ring at tip, which 

 SLinietiiue- is produced into a short central cusp or ol.scttxe cone: lea\es in eur genera 

 all alternate. 

 193. SENECIO. Heads heterogamous and radiate, or by the absence of ray homogaitiius 

 and (liseoid, usually many-tio\vered. Corollas yellow, those of the disk .5-toothed, occasion- 

 ally 5-lobed. 



193. CACALIA. Heads homogamous. the flowers aU hermaphrodite, few or numerous. 

 Corollas white, rarely flesh-colored, with 5-eleft or 5-parted limb, the lobcf u,-ually with a 



midnerve. 



194. ERECHTITES. Heads heterogamous and cliseoid, many-flowered : numerous outer 

 flower^ female; central ones hermaphrodite. Corollas all slender-tubular; those of the 

 female riov, L-rs filiform and with usually slightly dilated and 2— t-ro.thed summit: of the 

 hermaphrodite flowers with long filiform tube and short cyathiform 4-o-lobed limb, Recep- 

 tacle flat, naked. Bristles of the pappus very soft and fine, elongated. Flowers whitish or 

 yellowish. 



Tribe IX. f'YXAROIDE.E. Heads hoiuogainous and tubiflorous. the flowers all her- 

 maphrodite and with equally or sometimes rather unequally 5-cleft corollas, the lobes 

 long and narrow ; or sometimes radiatiform (falsely radiate) and heterogamous by 

 enlargement of limb of corollas of marginal flowers, which are commonly neutral. 

 Involucre much imbricated. Eeceptacle mostly flat or conyex, often fimbrillate or 

 densely setose. Anthers with tails at base, and cimmonly with elongated and con- 

 nate cartilaginous apical appendajes. their tips distinct. Style-branches destitute of 

 appendage, short, sometimes distinct or partly so. more commonly united tip to the 

 simply obtuse tips, not hirsute or hispid, but sometimes an hispidulous or pubescent 



6 



