COMPOSITE. S3 



flowers, sometimes simply ligulate in female ray-flowers. Anther? with long tails at 

 Ija^e. Receptacle naked. iStyle-branches of hermaphrodite flowers not appendaged, 

 usualh- short or very short, and like those of Cynarouhn; (but no node below) or of 

 Inuloidece. Leaves alternate. (Mostly South American, a few in other parts of the 

 world : our five genera lielong to three subtribes.) 



Subtribe I. Gochxatie.e. Heads homogamous ; the corollas almost or quite regularly 

 and deeply 5-cleft into linear lobes : style-branched usually rounded at tip. Ours 

 shrubs. (Transition to Ctjnaroidece and Inuloidece.) 



202. HECASTOCLEIS. Heads one-flowered, in a fascicle, surrounded by an involucri- 

 form cluster of leaves. Involucre cylindraceoiis, of several narrowly lanceolate ratlier rii;id 

 and cuspidate-acuminate bracts, appressed-imbricated. Flower hermaphrodite. C'oruUa 

 rather chartaieous, narrow, equally cleft tij the middle; the linear lohes widely spreading, 

 not revolute. .Vnchers wholly exserted, subcoriaceous. hearing naked tails: the linear 

 terminal appendages lightly connate, as long as the polliniferous portion. SryL,- glabrous 

 and even, not cleft, but terminated by an eraarginate-2-li.'bed stigma. Akene (immature) 

 cylindraceous, glabrous. Pappus coroniform, laciuia*e-dentate, corneous. 



203. GOCHNATIA. HeatLs few-many-flowered, fasciculately paniculate or c^-mose. In- 

 volucre campanulate or oblong, of dry or coriaceous regularly imbricated bracts. Eecep- 

 tacle flat, naked. CoroUa-lohes mostly revolute. Myle-branclies sometimes very shurt, 

 sometimes fully twice longer tluin broad, flat, roundish-obtuse or uearly truncate at summit. 

 Akenes oblong, silky-villous. Pappus of copious rather rigid capillar}' seal irons or harbel- 

 lulate bristles, nearly equalling the corolla. 



Subtribe II. Gerbere.b, it III. XassauviE-E. Heads heterogamous or homogamous : 

 corollas either all bilabiate (f), or marginal ones simply li;.'ulate. 



* Heads heterngamous and radiate : ray-flowers female and simply hgulate. 



204. CHAPTALIA. Heads many-flowered: female flowers in two or more ,~eries and 

 fertile; hermaphrodite flowers in the disk, all or some of them sterile. Involucre campanu- 

 late or turbinate, of narrow appressed-imbricated bracts, outer suriessi->ely shorter. CuroUa 

 of the marginal flowers simply hgtdate and 3-toothed at the end, or entire ; tliuse of an inner 

 series more filiform, the ligule reduced to less than the length of the style ; those of the her- 

 maphrodite flowers more or less hdr-biate, outer lip 3-toothed, inner 2-1. .bed or parted. >tyle 

 in hermaphrodite flowers olitusely 2-l.-.lied at apex, or when sterile entire. Akenes oblong 

 or fusiform, 5-nerved, attenuate or rostrate at apex, bearing a copious pappus of very soft 

 and fine capillary bristles. Scapigerous and monocephaloti,^ herbs. 



* "- Heads homogamous, of hermaphrodite and fertile flowers, all of them with bUabiate 

 (f ) corollas, the lower lip larger in marginal flowers, not rarely more elongated and 

 radiatiform: style-branches comparatively long, mustly dUated or flattened above and 

 titmcate, rarely .somewhat penicUlate. 



205. PEREZIA. Involucre few-many-flowered, imbricated in few to several serie- : bracts 

 dry, chartaceons or coriaceous. i;ece[.tacle flat, naked, rarely pilose or fimbriUate. Akenes 

 commonly papiUose-puhernlent, elougated-oblong, terete or obsuirely angled, sometimes 

 narrowed" at apex, not rostrate. Pappus of copious capQlary scabrous bristles, either rather 

 riffid or soft. Flowers ne%"er yellow. 



206^ TRIXIS. Involucre several-m.any-flowered ; proper bracts S to 12, equal in a single 

 series, or iu two unequal series, little" if at all imbricated, usually subtended by a few 

 foliaceous k.ose accessorv ones or by bracteiform leaves. Receptacle in genuine species 

 pilose. Akeues more slender, -ndth a'tapering or rostrate summit. Pappus soft. FLrwers 

 yellow. 



Tribe XI. CICHOEIACE,E. (?er. LiGrMFLORi, DC.) Heads homogamous and 

 ligulate ; the flowers all hermaphrodite and with ligulate corolla ; ligule 5-toothed at 

 the truncate apex. Anthers sagittate-auriculate at hase, not caudate : pollen-grains 

 dodecahedral. Style-brmches fililbrm, minutely papillose, not appendaped, but stig- 

 matic lines e-sident only toward base. Receptacle almost always plane. Herbs (except 

 a few iusular genei-a), mostly with milky and hitter juice : leaves alternate. (Natural 



