84 COMPOSITE. 



and well-definable subtribes being still a desideratum, artificial sections based pri- 

 marily on the pappus are here employed.) 



Series I. Pappus none : receptacle naked, 



* Akenes truncate at base and apex, short, smooth : leaves all radical : involucre of nearly 

 nerveless bracts, nearly unchanged in fruit, rather many-flowered. 



S07. PHALACROSERIS. Involucre of 12 to 16 equal and nearly herbaceous lanceolate 

 bracts, naked or loosely uiiibracteate at base. Akeues short-oblung, slightly incurved, 

 obscurely quadrangular : pericarp thin-coriaceous. Scape naked, monocephalous : flowers 

 yellow. 



208. ATRICHOSERIS. Involucre of 12 or more equal lanceolate bracts, and calyculate 

 with a few minute ones. Akenes obloijg, with corky pericarp, more or less 8-10-costate, the 

 alternate ribs thicker. Scape l)raeteate and polycephalous : flowers white and purplish. 



211. KRIGIA, & 219. MICROSERIS, very rarely want the pappus, or nearly so. 



* * Akenes with rounded or somewhat contracted apex and small areola, narrow at base : 

 involucre of several one-nerved equal bracts, unchanged or concave-convex in fruit, 8-20- 

 flowered : coroUas yellow. 



209. LAMPSANA. Involucre narrow, minutely calyculate-bracteate at base ; the true 

 bracts carinate, at least in fruit, then erect. Akenes narrowly obovate-oblong and some- 

 what obcompressed, minutely nervose-striate, smooth. Leafy-stemmed and branching Old 

 World annuals. 



210. APOGON. Involucre not calyculate, of usually 8 oblong-lanceolate herbaceous bracts, 

 in fruit becoming rather oiatc by Ijroadeuing of the base, concave and the tips connivmg. 

 Akenes terete, obovoid, merely rounded at summit, 10-costate, obscurely scabrous-lineolate 

 transversely, rarely an obsolete vestige of pappus. Low annuals, becoming caulescent. 



Series II. Pappus paleaceous or partly so, or ariatiform, or plumose. 



* Involucre simple and naked, i. e. of equal bracts and no short calyculate ones at base : 

 akenes truncate : pappus of paleoe and (usually) of bristles : receptacle naked. 



211. KRIGIA. Heads scvcral-many-flowered. Bracts of the ini'Olucre thin-herbaceous. 

 Akenes short-columnar or turbinate, pluricostate, terete or somewhat angular, with broad 

 truncate summit. Pappus double; outer of pointless thin pale* ; inner of delicate naked 

 bristles, these rarely wanting in one species. Iflowers yellow. 



* # Involucre either calyculate or imbricated, i. o. principal bracts equal and some short 

 ones at base, or of less unequal bracts in two or more series, simple only in Trarjoporjon. 



-I— Akenes usually short, with truncate summit (sometimes a little narrowed beneath it, not 

 rostrate) : receptacle not chaffy : flowers never yellow : caulescent, with small or reduced 

 leaves on the rigid stems or branches : flowers matutinal. 



212. CICHORIUM. Heads several-many-flowered. Involucre double; its bracts herba- 

 ceous with coriaceous and indurating base, those of the inner series partly enclosing the 

 subtended akenes, the 4 or 5 outer more spreading and herliacc(3us. Alicnes somewhat 

 angled; the broad summit bordered with a crown-like pappus of numerous short ami blunt 

 palea;, in 2 or more series. Flowers normally blue. 



213. STEPHANOMERIA. Heads 5-12-flowered, rarely 3-20-flowercd. Livolucre cylin- 

 draceous or oblong, of several appre.^sed and c(]nal plane membranaceous bracts and .some 

 short calyculate ones, not i-arely with 2 or 3 of intermediate Icn-tb, thus becoming imbri- 

 cate. Akenes 5-anglcd or ribbed, sometimes with, intermediate ribs. Papjnis a series of 

 plumose bristles, .ir rarely chaffy awns, not rarely naked toward the bases, which sometimes 

 are lightly connate in phalanges. Tlowei-s pink or rose color, 



214. CH^TADELPHA. Heads about 5-flowered. Involucre of Slrphauomeria, cylin- 

 draceous, the accessory calyctUate bracts very small, the membranaceous proper ones 5, 

 Akenes short-linear, 5-angIed, very smo.jth. Pappus of 5 rigid upwardh- tapering awns 

 which bear on eacli side toward the base 3 to 5 ratlier shorter and slender rigid bristles, 

 Plowcrs rose-color. 



-I- H- Akenes l.mg-rostrate, base more or less excavated at insertion: receptacle naked: 

 heads ratlier manj-flowercd : pappus a series of long-plumose bristles or awns. 



