COMPOSIT-E. 87 



white and soft, then passing into Crepis. Perennials, commonly with hispid or hirsute, or 

 often glandular puliesLein.e. 



227. CREPIS. Involucre few-manj -flowered, somewhat imbricated, or more commonly a 

 serits of equal bracts and some sliort calvculate ones, sometimes thickened at hn-n- after 

 anthfsis. Akenes from columnar to fu~ilorm, lO-iiiRostate. Pappus of copious white and 

 usuall}' soft cajjiUary bri^tles. Annual? or perennials. 



6. riowers from whiti^li or cream-icjlor to violet or rose-red: involucre narrow, unchanged 

 in age, a Miies of equal erect bracts, and a few short calyculate ones at base: st\les 

 usually long and ?lender: akenes columnar or linear, or even fusiform, mostlv truncate 

 at summit. 



228. PRENANTHES. Heads .5-30-flowered, mostly nodding before or during authesis. 

 Akenes terete or -t-5-angled, commonly striate, sometimes ?triately pluricostate. with trtm- 

 cate summit. Pap]iu5 of copious rather rigid capillary liri?:li--, in the section J\~abcdus from 

 whitish to ferruginous. Leafy-stemmed perennials, mth paniculate or racemiform-th\Tsoidly 

 disposed heaA- . leaves dilated. 



229. LYGODESMIA. Heads 3-12-flowerea, erect. Akenes terete, olscurely few-striate 

 or angled, commonly liuear or slender-fusiform, in the larger specie- concave at insertion. 

 Pappus of copious and usually unequal capillary brii-tle?, either soft or riu'IJulons. from 

 son! id-whitish to white, .'^teiji? mostly rush-like and striate, in one species spinescent, and 

 leaves narrow-linear or reduced to scales. Flowers rose<olored. 



«- -H- Beak to the akeues di>rinct and slender, except in one or two specie^ of Trorimon : 

 heatls erect before and during anthesis : involucre unchanged in age : akenes oblong or 

 obovate to linear. 



230. TROXIMON. Heads many-flowered, solitary, terminating simple naked scaj^es. 

 Involucre campanulate or oblong, more or less imbricated. Akenes 10-c<.'State or 10-ner^"ed, 

 smooth, not muricate nor jculptured. ivith or without a -mall callus at insertion; the beak 

 various, or'in two species wanting. Pappus white or M'hiiish, Flowers yellow, orange, or 

 rarely purple. 



231. TARAXACUM. Heads many-flowered, solitary, terminating simple and fistulous 

 naked scapes. Involucre campanulate or oblong, a single ?erie> of nearly equal narrow 

 bracts, a little connate at base, and several or numerous calyculate bracts at the hase. 

 Stvle-branches slender and nearly filiform, as in most genera. Akenes oblong-obovate to 

 ftisiform, 4-5-costate or angled, and usually with some intervening nerves, muricate or 

 spiuulose. at least near the summit, which is abruptly contracted into a filiform beak. 

 Pappus Soft and capUlary, dull white, no woolly ring at its base, llowers yellow. 



232. PYRRHOPAPPUS. Heads and involucre nearly of Taroj-acum, terminating scaiiose 

 or leafy stems or branches. Style-branches short, oblong, very obtuse. Akenes oblong or 

 linear-fusiform, about o-ccistate or sulcate, muricnlate-rngulofe or hirsutulou?-cabrous, 

 tapering abruptly into a long filiform beak. Pappus coj.ious. soft and capUlary, fulvous or 

 rufous, its base usually surrounded by a soft-viUous ring. Flowers yellow. 



233. CHONDRILLA. Heals several-flowered, sessile or short-peduncled on slender 

 branches. Involucre cylindrical, of several linear equal hraas. and some short calyculate 

 ones. Akenes 4-5-angled and with intervening ner^es or ribs, muricate toward the 

 summit, which is abruptly produced into a. filiform beak. Pappus fine and soft, bright 

 white. Flowers yellow. 



^_ T_ -i_ Akenes flattened : pappus of copious fine and soft capillary bristles : leafy- 

 stemmed plants, with more or less paniculate heads. 



234. LACTUCA Involucre cylindraceous. or in fruit somewhat conoidal, -e\ ^ ral-many- 

 flowered, either calyculately or more regularly imbricated. Akenes obcompre?se i. and i^ith 

 a beak or narrowed" summit, which is more or less expanded at ape.x into a pappiferous disk. 

 Pappus of bright white or rarely sordid bristle-, falling separately. 



235. SONCHUS. Involucre campanulate or broader, in age usually broadened and fleshy- 

 thickened at base, and becoming conical. Akenes obcompres-ed, destitute of beak or neck or 

 dilated pappiferous disk. Pappus of very soft and fine flaccid laisth -. which fall more 

 or less in connection, and commonly one or more stronger ones, which fall separately. 



