Solida^o. COMPOSITE. IJS 



« . Rays from none to 3 : leaves clasping ! 

 S. amplexicaulis, Tore. & Gray. Miuutely soft-pubeseent or glabrate; stem slender, 

 1 to 3 feet higli, with spreading branches : leaves ovate, acute or acumiuate, acutely serrate, 

 rather scaliruu^ above and soft-pubesceiit beneath; the upper slightly narrowed above the 

 dilated auriculate-dasping base; lower cauliue with longer contracted portion; lowest and 

 • radical -.viug-petioled below the truncate or sul)cordate base of the lamina (tliis about 2 inches 

 long) : racemiform clusters of the thyrsus sleuder, secund, often simple : pappus shorter than 

 the disk-corolla. — Fl. ii. 21S (not .Martens, which is N. Ridddlii) ; Chapm. Fl. 21.3. — Clpen 

 dry woods. Florida to Louisiana, Lncenu-ortli, Chapman, Rugel, distributed by J-iiutdeworth 

 as .?. auriculata. ilakcs the nearest approach to Brachijclmta. 



b. Rays 4 to 6 or rarely more, small, and disk-flowers little more numerous: leaves sessile by a 

 narrow base, pinuately veiny : pubescence of spreading hairs, or hardly any. 



' S. rugosa, Mill. Sreui hirsute or pubescent with spreading hairs, low or moderately tail 



(1 to 6 feet high), mostly slender, very leafy to the top: leaves thin and soft, or in dry "open 

 ground becoming thicker and firmer, from oval-ovate to oblong-lanceolate (1 to 4 inclies 

 long), mostly acute or acuminate, sometimes obtuse. usu;illy hirsute on the veins and veiulits 

 beneath; these conspicuous and often ruguse-reticulated. sometimes scabrous above: in- 

 florescence when well developed recurved-spreading, but sometimes erect : bracts of the 

 involucre linear. — Diet. ed. S; Willd. Spec. iii. 2o5S : Ait. Kew. ed. 2, \ . 66 ; Gray, Proc. 



^ Am. Acad. xvii. 1114. Virga-aurea sp.. Bill. Elth. 406-411, t. 304, 305, .3nS. appended in L. .spec. 

 S7S to .S. ultissima, but not referred to it. .S. altissinia & .S. aspera, Ait. Kew. iii. 212 ; ^Yilld. 

 L c. .?. scubra, JIuhl. in WiUd. 1. t. -S. villosa, Pursh, Fl. ii. 537. .s. l.umilis, Desf. Cat. 

 ed. 3, 402 : DC. 1. c., a low form, commonly with the racemiform clusters erect, or hardly 

 spreading and secund. .S. aspenda, Desf. Cat. 1. c. 403 ? .S. hirta, AA'iEd. Enum. S91. .s. i-i- 

 gidula, Blisc. in hort. Paris ? •^. aspemtu. Soland. niss , and so of Pursh as to herb. Banks. 

 .S. altisslma, Torr. & liiay, Fl. ii. 216 (incl. altissima, pilosa, recurvata, Virginiiina, iliU. 

 Diet.), not L. — Jloist or dry groimd, Newfoundland and Labrador to Texas; very common 

 eastward in the .Atlantic States. Polymorphous, not readily sorted into definable varieties; 

 in sliade thin-leaved; in open and dry soil has small and broader, firmer, more scabrous, and 

 rugose-reticulated leaves, .s. riigosa, JliU., is the best ofthe old names to take up. 

 ■ S. ulinifolia, Mthl. Eesembles the thinner-leaved and least pubescent forms of the pre- 

 ceding (into which it appears to pass), but with stem smooth and glabrous, except perha]is 

 the summit : leaves bright green, nearly smooth and glabrous, or pubescent, membranareuns, 

 acute or acuminate at both ends, usually coarsely serrate, the larger veins conspicuous but 



* veinlets inconspicuous : thvrsus more naked : bracts of the involucre of firmer texture and 

 more obtuse. — WiUd. Spec. iii. 2060; Darhugt. Fl. Cest. 457- Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 217. 

 .*. luUrifiora, Ait. Kew. iii. 211, not L. — Moist woodland^ and copses, Maine to luwa. -Arkan- 

 sas, and Texas. -S. mullijiora, Desf. (in Poir. Suppl. v . 462) Cat. I. t. 402. DC. Prodr. > . 336, 

 ap] lears to be a state of this, altered by cultivation. 



. Var. microphylla. A reduced and rather rigid form : with lower leaves 2 inches 

 long ; upper reduced to half an inch, obtuse, obscurely serrate. — Texas. Lindheimer, 

 Wright. 



= = = = Leaves usually of firm texture and inconspicuous reticulation, occasionally thin and 

 membranaceous or more veiny, not scabrous above, commonly glabrous as also the stems: 

 bracts of the involucre from broadly linear to narrowly oblong, obtuse. 



a. S I ;!m equably and very leafy up to or into the pyramidal compound thvrsus: leaves compara- 

 tively short and broad, even the lower not much narrowed downward, the secondary veins 

 often manifest. 



S. Elliottii, ToER. & GR.iT. Smooth and glabrous throughout, or the thyrsus somewhat 

 pubescent : stem tall, rigid ; lea^'es from ovate-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, apiculate-acumi- 

 nate or acute, minutely and sparsely serrate with appresseJ teeth, scabrtuis on the margin, 

 mostly closely sessile by a broadish base (1 to 4 inclies long) : lieads (3 lines long) crowded 

 on the secund and spreading or sometimes ascending and straight racemiform or spiciform 

 branches of the pyramidal panicle : bracts of the involucre rather broadly linear : rays S to 

 12, short: akenes pubescent. — H. ii. 21S. and S.elliplica of the same, as to the jilant of 

 Xew York. -S. elliptica? Ell. Sk. ii. 376. >. elongala, Hort. Par. 1S32. — Moist ground near 

 the coast, ^Massachusetts to Xew York and through the low country south to Gei>rgia. 



