154 COMPOSITE. Solidago. 



b. Less leafy, or leaves toward the naked panicle small compared with the lower, which are con- 

 tracted or tapering into a conspicuous narrowed base or winged petiole: veins inconspicuous; 

 panicle commonly narrow, or its branches short: plants wholly smooth and glabrous, except 

 the somewhat ciiiolate-scabious margins to the leaves, in drier ground sometimes obscurely 

 scabrous. 



- S. negleota, Torr. & Gray. Stem strict and simple, 2 to 4 feet high : leaves bright green, 

 lanceolate or the larger oblong-lanceolate, acute, mostly serrate or serrulate ; radical ones 

 ample (often a foot or more long, including the elongated petiole) : panicle generally thyr- 

 soid and narrow, of short and crowded more or less secund clusters, or in larger plants more 



' compound with spreading racemiform branches : heads at most 3 lines long : involucral 

 bracts oblong-linear : rays 3 to 7 and disk-flowers 5 to 7 : akenes from sparsely puberulent 

 to glabrous. — PL ii. 213; Gray, Man. ed. 2, 204. — In swamps, especially in sphagnous 

 bogs, or on their borders, Lower Canada to Maryl'and, west to Illinois and Wisconsin, Eorms 

 with almost entire leaves and strict panicle too nearly approach S. ulicjinosa, Nutt., while 

 some with large and serrate leaves are more like S. arguta. The most slender is 



==• Var. linoides. Stem simple, commonly 2 feet high, slender : radical leaves 4 to 8 

 inches long, a third to half inch wide ; upper cauline very small and erect : panicle of rather 



' few and approximate racemiform secund clusters : heads rather smaller : rays only 2 or 3. 

 — S. uliginosa, Nutt. in Jour. Acad. Philad. vii. 101, in part, but not of his own herb, nor 

 descr. S. linoides, Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 216, not of Solaud. in herb. Banks, which is 

 S. striata, Ait. Bigelm-iaf vniligulata, DC. Prodr. v. 329. Chrtjsoma imiligulata, Nutt. 

 Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 325. — Sphagnous swamps, Massachusetts to iSTew Jersey. 

 S. Terras-NoVEe, Tore. & Gray. Still obscure species, probably a form of S. neglecta, 

 somewhat dwarfed and with a corymbosely paniculate thyrsus : involucral bracts rather 



* thinner and narrower. — Fl. ii. 206. — Sphagnous bogs, Newfoundland, Pglaie, Miss Brenton. 



c. Stems not strict, disposed to branch below the inflorescence: racemiform clusters of the in- 

 florescence often leafy-bracteate, rather rigid, sparse and Ascending, or forming a loose elon- 

 gated thyrsus: leaves more veiny and serrate; cauline commonly abruptly contracted into a 

 petiole-like or narrow base: rays not numerous, sometimes wanting: bracts of the involucre 

 rather firm, obtuse, mostly greenish toward the tip. 



S. Boottii, Hook. Sometimes minutely scabrous-pubescent, or below hirsute with jointed 

 hairs, often quite glabrous : stem slender, 2 to 5 feet high : leaves rather finely serrate with 

 ascending teeth ; radical and lower cauline from ovate to oblong-lanceolate, acuminate (the 

 larger 3 to 5 inches long, besides the petiole-like base) ; upper small, oblong to narrowly 

 lanceolate, often entire : heads (2 and 3 lines long) rather loosely racemose : bracts of the 

 campanula;e involucre oblong-linear : rays 2 to 4 or rarely 5, sometimes solitary or none : 

 akenes pubescent. — Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 97 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 215. S. junceu, DC. Prodr. 

 V. 334, not Ait. — Dry wooded ground, Virginia to Florida, Louisiana, and Texas. The 

 larger forms northward nearly approach the next species. Southward the smaller ones 

 pass into 



= Var. brachyph^lla, Gray. More slender ; the flowering branches even filiform : 



larger leaves an inch or two long, all from ovate to oblong, seldom acuminate, commonly 

 obtuse, upper reduced to half or quarter inch, sessile by a broad base : heads sparse, 4-7- 

 flowered; rays none or an imperfect one. — ^Proc. Am. Acad. xvii. 195. .J. hrachyphylla, 

 Chapm. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 215, & Fl. 213. — Dry woodlands, Georgia and Florida, 

 Chapman, &c. 



Var. Ludoviciana, Gray, 1. c. Perhaps a distinct species, stouter, tall, rather large- 

 leaved : lower leaves and lower part of the stem sometimes roughish-hirsute or hispidulous 

 with many-jointed hairs, or glabrous : heads larger, even 4 lines long ! — S. Boottii, var. e, 

 partly, Torr. & Gray, L c. — W. Louisiana, Hale. 



S. arguta, Ait. Glabrous, sometimes slightly pilose-pubescent: stem 2 to 4 feet high : leaves 

 thinjiish (in shade membranaceous), usually ample ; the lower and larger 5 to 9 inches long, 

 ovate or oval, acuminate, very strongly and sharply (or even doubly) serrate with salient 

 teeth ; upper reduced to oblong-lanceolate, only the small ones of the branches entire : heads 

 somewhat crowded on the branches of the irregular panicle, fully 3 lines long: involucral 

 bracts oblong-linear: ray.s 5 to 7, rather large: disk-flowers 10 to 12: akenes glabrous or 

 sometimes slightly pubescent. — Ait. Kew. iii. 213; Pursh.Fl.ii. 538; Muhl. Cat.; Darlingt. 

 Fl. Cest. 458; DC. Prodr. v. 333 ; Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xvii. 180, 195 ; not Torr. & Gray, 



