160 COMPOSITE. Solidago. 



narrowed base: cyme fastigiate : heads pedicellate, small (3 lines long), narrow, 16-24- 

 flowered : bracts of the involucre narrower: rays 6 to 9, small; akeiies slightly 5-nerved.— 

 Syiinp. 57; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. — Low prairies or meadows, W. New York to Ohio and 

 Indiana; first coll. by Kiddeli. 



H— -1— Leaves somewhat conduplicate ; lower slightly triplinerved. 

 S. Riddellii, Frank. Glabrous and smooth, or the inflorescence puberulent : stem a foot 

 or two high, very leafy: leaves elongated-lanceolate, entire; radical 8 to 12 inches long, 

 attenuate at b(jth ends ; canline rather long, erect at the base which nearly sheathes the 

 stem, partly conduplicate above, and the upper part falcately arcuate : heads densely cymose, 

 " 3 or 4 lines long, 20-30-flowered : rays 7 to 9, small and narrow : akenes faintly 5-nerved. — 

 Kiddeli, Synops. 1. c. ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii.' 210. *'. amjilexicaiiUs, Martens in Bull. Acad. 

 Brux. viii! (1841) 68. — \Tct prairies, Ohio (first coll. hj Riddel I) to Iowa and Missouri. 

 (Also Fort Monroe, Virginia, Vaseij and Chirkerinij, these adventive ?) 

 S. Houghtoni, Tork. & Gs.iY. Stem slender, 10 to 20 inches high : leaves indistinctly 

 nerved, rather rigid, scattered (3 or 4 inches long, 2 to 4 lines wide) : heads rather few in a 

 ■■ corymbiform cyme, 20-30-flowered: rays 7 to 10, rather large: bracts of the involucre 

 oblong-linear: akenes 4-5-nerved. — Gray, Man. ed. 1, 211, ed. 5, 242. — Swamps, north 

 shore of L. Michigan, Houghton. Genessee Co., New York, Paine. Flowering early. 

 -I— H— ^— Leaves flat, smooth, and glabrous, linear or liiear-lanceolate, entire, more or less triph- 

 nerved or 3-nerved, or nervose: heads only 3 or 4 lines long. 



S. nitida, Torr. & Gray. Stem 2 or 3 feet high, very smooth except the summit and inflo- 

 rescence, whicli are minutely hirsute : leaves coriaceous and rigid, evidently nervose, punc- 



■■ tate (the larger 4 to 6 inches long, 3 to 5 lines wide) : heads numerous in the corymbiform 

 cvme, about 14-flowered : rays 2 or 3, large : bracts of the involucre narrcnvly oblong : akenes 

 10-nerved. — El. ii. 210. — Dry pine woods and barrens, Vi. Louisiana and Texas; first coU. 

 by Drummond and Lea lenworth. 



S. pumila, Tore. & Gray. Dwarf, a span or more high, many-stemmed from a woody 

 branching and cespitose caudey, glabrous throughout, punctate, somewhat resinous : leaves 

 rigid, 3-nerved, acute ; radical 2 or 3 inches long : cyme glomerate-fastigiate : heads nar- 

 . ronlv oblong, 5-8-flowered : rays 1 to 3, short: involucral bracts rigid, somewhat cariuate, 

 and with small green (sometimes mncronulate) tips: mature akenes flattish aud unusually 

 broad, rather longer than the rigid pappus : akenes 5-nerved. — Fl. ii. 210. _ Chnjsonm pumila, 

 Nntt. in Trans. Am. Fliil. 8oc. vii. 325. — Rocky dry places, N. W. Texas to S. W. Utah, 

 Nevada, and Idaho, mostly in the mountains; first coll. by \uftaU. 



§ 2. EuthX:\iia, Xutt. Receptacle of the flo\-\'ers fimbrillate or the alveoli 

 pilose : rays very small, almost always more numerous than the disk-flowers and 

 never surpasshig them in hci^lit : heads glomerately and fasciculately c} inose, 

 small : leaves very numerous, all linear, entire, l-.l-nerved, somewhat punctate, 

 sessile : akenes villous-])uljescent, short and turbinate : filiform rootstocks exten- 

 sively creejiing. — Eutlmmid, Cass. Diet, xxxvii. 471; Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. 

 iSoc, 1. c. 



* Taller and paniculately branched Pacific species. 



OCoidentalis, Nutt. Sioms 2 to 6 feet high; the branches terminated by small clus- 

 ters of mostly pedicellate heads : lea\"es usually 3-nerved, glabrous and smooth ci en on the 

 midrib, and margins obscurely scabrous : bracts of the involucre rather narrow : rays 16 to 

 20: disk-fiowers 8 to 14. — Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 226; Eaton in Bot. King Exp. 156. .V. lan- 

 ceolnta, C'liam. & Schlecbt. in Linn. vi. 502; Hook. Fl. ii. 6, partly. Euthamia occidinlaJis, 

 Nutt. in Trans. Am. Pliih Sm-. n. scr. vii. 326. Aplopnppus Imcchiiroidcs, Benth. Bot. 

 Sulph. 24. — Moist ground, British Columbia to S. Calilnrjii:!, extending eastward to New 

 Mexico, Colorado, and Montana. — Long rootstocks tuberous-thickened at the extremity. 



# * Comparatively low, a foot or at most a yard higli, cyniosely much branched above aud flat- 

 topped: heads mostly glomerate-sessile: Atlantic ^iiccics. 



S. lanceolata, L. Leaves lanceolate-linear, distinctly 3-nerved and the larger with an 

 . ailditional outer pair of more delicate nerves, minutely scabrous-pubescent on the nerves 



