Tovmsendia. COMPOSITE. 167 



purple to white ; fl. from early spring to summer. Akene commonly beset witli 

 bristly -duplex" hairs, lia-^dng a forked or glorliiai;Ue<-apitellate apex. Involu- 

 cral bracts mostly ciliate. — FL ii. IG. t. 11 'J; Terr. lV- (^ray, I"l. ii. 180; Cray, 

 Pr(ir. Am. Aril,], xvi. 82. For structure of the achenial hairs, see Maclo^kie in 

 Proc. Am. Xat. xvii. 31, xviii. 1102. 



* Bracts of the involucre confpiciioiislv attenuate-acuminate: head large; the inrolucre half-iuch 

 or more higli, and rays half-inch long: fl. summer. 



H- Caulescent biennials or annual-, M.mewhat hirsute-pubescent, but the foliage at leufth glabrate: 

 involucre naked; its \<rMU from lanct-olate to ovate-lanceolate: rays show\ . bri-Lt blue or 

 violet. (Pappus of the first species anomalous I) 

 T. eximia, Gray, stems erect, simple or sparingly liranching, 6 to \i inches high : leaves 

 spatulate or the upper lanceolate : head sparingly leafy- bracted or naked at base : "involucral 

 bracts ovate-lanceolate and somewhat rigidly cuspidate-acuminate, whitish-scarious -nith 

 • green centre: akenes broadly obovate, almost cartilagiuoii.-, glabrate (sprinkled vi-ith a few 

 sliurt and ob.-curc glochidiate-tipped hairs) : pappus wholly persi>ttnt, of t> subulate at length 

 corneous stout arntt which are rather shorter than the akene (srunetimes wanting in the rav), 

 and a circle uf rigid S'luaraellae which are mostly coroniform-concreted at base and rigid in 

 age. — PI. Fendl. 70; Pacif. K. K. Exp. iv. 98; Proc. Am. Acad. L c. 83.— Jlountam -ides, 

 Xew :Mexic.j and adjacent part of Colorado, Ftiidltr, Bigdow, &c. 

 ~T. grandiflora, Xutt. .Steujs spreading from the base, sometimes divergently branched 

 above, a span or two high : upper leaves often linear, 2 or more uppermost subtending the 

 head . involucre nearly of the preceding : akenes narrowly obovate, sprinkled with dochidi- 

 ' ate-capiteUate hairs : pappus in the r.iy reduced to a crown of short squameUa;, in tlie man- 

 ner of the genus, and of the disk jdurisetose and longer than the akene. — Trans. Am. Phil. 

 Soc. n. ser. vii. .306 ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. — Phiius and hills, Wyoming and TT. >:ebraska to 

 the borders of Xew Jlexico , first coU. by James and Xunnll. 

 T. Parryi, Eatox. Stems erect, simple, stout, naked and peduncuhform above, 2 to 6 !i:i/lifs 

 high (the taller forms sometimes branching) : leaves mostly spatulate : Ijract- of the ven- broad 

 involucre lanceolate, thinner, with softer and les> attenuate tips, or the outer barely acuminate : 

 akenes narroivly obo\'ate, canesii-ntly pul.iescent, the hairs acute and simple or many of them 

 1-2-dentate at tip : pappus of the ray plurisetose like that of the disk, or somewhat nTure 

 scanty, rays '■ blue " or violet. — Am. Xaturahst, viii. 212 ; Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. 1. c. 

 — Wyoming, ^Montana, and E. Idalio, Hatjdtn, Parrij, &c. 



Var. alpina, Gr-i.y, 1 c. A dwarf and alpine form, more pubescent and cinereous : 

 leaves very small, at most half-inch long : flowering stem about the same length or hardly 

 ail} ■ involucral braet^ less pointed: ''rays pink." — Wyi.iming on the high divide between 

 Stinking Water and the Yellowstone (confounded with jf spathulaia). Parry. 

 .i— ^- Depressed-stemless and monocephalons perennial. 

 T. COndensata, Parrt. A'ery lanuginotLS with long and soft arachnoid hairs, the spatu- 

 late obovate leaves (with blade 2 or 3 lines long and tapering into a very much lunger petiole) 

 rosulate-crowded around the large and broad sessile head, the whole forming a globular or 

 hemispherical wooDy tuft, an inch and a half high and surmounting a slender stolui^iform 

 candex: bracts of the involucre I'liear and srift. with a weak attenuate apex, all nearly 

 equal in length: rays 100 or more, narrow: disk-tiLl^^"e^^ also very numerous ■ pappus of ray 

 and disk similarly and slenderly plurisetose and long. — Am. Xat. riii. 21.3 (description by 

 Eaton). — Wyoming, on a high aljiine peak of the Owl Creek range, July, J. D. Putnam. 



* * Bracts of the involucre not prominently ii all acuminate: heads mostly smaller or narrower: 

 pappus of the di.sk and often of the ray plurisetose. 



^^ Ilairs on the akene mostly copious and slender, some .simple, others bifid or bi- (rarely tri-) 

 dentate at the apex, the teeth or lobes a.«cending or merely spreading and usually acute; heads 

 middle-sized, more or less naked-pedunculate, the pink or rarely white rays and the involucre 

 each from a third to barely half an inch long . bracts of the latter few-ranked : annuals or bi- 

 ennials. (The most western species in range.) 



++ Pappus of the ray like that of the disk, but somewhat shorter. 

 T. florifer. Gray. A span or more high, cinereou.s-hirsute : stems rather slender from an 



annual root, leafy . leaves linear or the lowest lanceolate-spatulate, acute, mostly apiculate- 



