168 COMPOSITE. Townsendia. 



acuminate: involucral bracts linear-lanceolate, little unequal. — Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. 84. 

 T. strigosa, Gray, in Wilkes Exped. xvii. 344, not Nutt. Erigeron florifer, Hool;. Fl. ii. 20. 

 Aplopappus florifer, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beecii. 351. Stenotics flonfer, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 

 ii. 238. — Sandy banks of the Columbia River and its tributaries, east of the Cascades, Mon- 

 tana to Washington Terr, and Oregon ; first coll. by Douglas. 



T. soapigera, Eatox. Low (2 to 4 inches high), hirsutely pubescent : heads on scapiform 

 1-2-leaTed stems : radical leaves spatulate (often broad and short, with a long narrowed base 

 or petiole) : involucral bracts rather broadly lanceolate. — Bot. King Exp. 145, t. 17. Aplo- 

 pappus florifer, \ia.. Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. 351 7 — Rocky ridges in the mountains, 

 Nevada and Modoc Co., N. E. California, Watson, Lemmon, Mrs. Austin. Flowering early : 

 a winter annual or biennial. 

 * Var. caulescens, Eaton, 1. c. A summer form, more slender and sparingly leafy- 

 stemmed, with rather smaller heads. — Nevada, in Monitor Valley, Watson. 



Var. ambigua, Gray, 1 c. More leafy-stemmed from a slender root, fully a span 



' high ; rays white : pappus of the ray sometimes little more than half the length of that of 

 the disk. — Babbit Valley, Utah, at 7,000 feet. Ward. 



++ ++ Pappus of the ray setose-squamellate, shorter than the breadth of the akene. 



T. Watsoni, Gray, 1. c. Somewhat cinereous with a close short pubescence : stems 4 to 7 

 inches high from a slender root, spreading, nearly all branching above and sparsely leafy, 

 therefore bearing numerous short-pedunculate heads: leaves narrowly spatulate and ob- 



' lanceolate : involucral bracts oblong-lanceolate : hairs of the akene rather shorter and obtuse 

 or at length 2-3-dentate at tip. — T. strigosa, Eaton, Bot. King Exp. 145, not Nutt. — Great 

 Salt Lake, Utah, on the shore of Stanbury Island, June, Watson. 



^— -I— Hairs on the akene, or most of them, glochidiate-capitellate, i. e. obtusely bidentate at apex, 

 and the apparently somewhat glandular lobes recurved or revolute, thus appearing to be 

 minutely depressed-capitate under a lens. 



++ Head large, three-fourths to a full inch long (without the rays) : plants green and glabrate, 

 depressed-acaulescent from a perennial root, with habit of T. sericea : lea\'es large, much surpass- 

 ing the head, minutely sericeous-pubescent when young, in age with only some ciliate or other 

 hairs toward the attenuate petiole-like base, plane and coriaceous: involucre well imbricated. 



T. "W^ilcoxiana, Wood. Leaves linear-spatulate, elongated (1 to 3 inches long including 

 the petiole-like base) : head mostly solitary, sometimes an inch long, short-peduncled or 

 subsessile : bracts of the involucre lanceolate or the inner linear, barely acutish : ray and 

 disk-pappus of similar slender and elongated bristles. — Bull. Torr. Club, vi. 163, & Bot. 

 Gazette, iii. 50. — Colorado, in the San Luis Mountains, E. K. Smith. Indian Territory, 

 Dr. Wilcox. Patagonia Mountains, Arizona, Lemmon. 



T. Rothrockii, Gkay. Leaves more broadly spatulate and shorter (inch or less long), 

 rosulate around the solitary head which is closely sessile at the surface of the ground, or at 

 length with one or two additional heads and tufts from the same crown : involucre shorter 

 and broader ; its bracts oblong, mostly obtuse : ray-pappus of squamellate bristles not longer 

 than the breadth of the akene, or with one or two more elongated. — Rothrock, in Wheeler 

 Rep. vi. 148, t. 7 ; Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. 85. — Mountains of South Park, Colorado, in the 

 alpine district, at 13,500 feet, Rothrock, J, D. Allen. 



++ -H- Heads from three fourths down to one third of an inch long, sessile, or rarely on a very 

 short naked peduncle: plants sericeous- or strigulo-^e-pubesccnt, depressed-acaulescent or low- 

 caulescent: involucre well imbricated: ray-pappus mostly plurisetose. 



T. sericea, Hook. Depressed-acaulescent perennial, with closely sessile solitary or few 

 heads on the crown next the ground, surrounded and surpassed or equalled liy the linear or 

 linear-spatulate leaves, at length multicipital and puMnate-tufted, an inch or two higli : 



» head an inch or less long : involucral bracts narrowly lanceolate, mostly acute : rays white 

 or purplish-tinged: pappus of the ray plnriscto.se like that of the disk (forma jKtpjuisa, 

 Gray, PI. Fendl.), or of fe;\cr but similar bristles, or (in the northern piu-t of its range) with 

 most of the bristles short and aristiform, and e\cii reduced to squamella; little longer than 

 the width of the akene. — Fl. ii. Ifi, t. 119 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 185 ; Gray, PI. Fendl. 69 ; 

 Meehan,Xat. Flowers, ser. 2, i. t. 47 ; Gray, Proc. 1. l. 85. Axtcr? ex.mijins, Richards. Ap|ix. 

 Frankl. Journ. 32.— On dry hills, plains, or iiioniitahis, Saskatchpw;in to Rocky Monntains 

 in lat. 54°, thence south to New Mexico and Arizona ; fl. April and JSlay. — A'aries from 



