^■'('''■. COMPOSIT.E. 177 



Var. giganteUS, A. n:'hnrd<,r,-,::. rar. giganUus, Hook. 1. c, and .1. montanus, v::t. 

 gigante',. Ton. & Gray, 1 c, is a -tout and large form, of the Arctic regions, nearly an- 

 i«, riiig to the original A. -^fbiricus, L., of >i eria. 



. radulimis, i.bay. Between the precediuir and the following. 10 to 20 inches hiirh : 

 leavo.- from oval-obovate to broadly lanceoLite (2 to 4 inche.s lonin, serrate with numcr'ui 

 sliarp teeth, scabrous: heads numerous, corymbo-tly cymose: involucre broadlv turbinate, 

 3 or 4 lines high ; it.= bra. ts regularly imbricated and outer 5uc<;e--i-. ely .shorter, cinere<jus^ 

 pn!.e<. our or glabrate, not glandular nor viv id. from broadly lanceolate or oblong to linear, 

 abruptly acutish or obtuse: rays 3 to 5 line- loiig. pale \iolet, sometimes whitf-li : akenes' 

 minutely pul.eseeut. — Proc. Am. Aeal. viii. 3SS, i Bot. Calif, i. .323. A. radula, I,.r-s. in 

 Linn. vi. 125, not Ait. — Dry ground, California, from Monterey northward, and in the >itrra 

 Nevada to Oregon and tta.-liington Terr. 

 ■ A. conspicuus, Lixdl. .■>. abrous : stem 2 feet high, stout, rigid, bearing several or nu- 

 merous corym!io.-ely cymo-e li.-a !- : leaves rigid, ...vate. oUoug. or the lower obovate, acute, 

 ample (commonly 4 to 6 inche- long and 1 J to 4 in. lie- broad), acutely serrate, rijid, reticu- 

 late-veiiulose as well as veiny: involucre broadly campanulate, about equalling the disk, 

 ^ .5 to 6 lines high; irs bracts in several serie-. minutely glaudnlar-pnljerulent or vistidulous, 

 lanceolate, acute, the greenish tips little s].realiiiir : rays half-inch long, violet: akeues 

 minutely pube::eeijt. — Hook. Fl. ii. 7, & DC. Prodr. v. 2;3U ; Ton. & Grav, PI. ii. 107.— 

 >a-k itchewan to British Columbia, and south to the Yellowstone in the Rockv ilotmtaijj- : 

 tir--t coll. by Di-'uianuiid. 



^-*- ** -=-5- Involucre very squarrose by the foliaceous widely spreadin:: tips of the bracts, smooth 

 and ;_'labrou-. a;: is ako the fJiaje: lic-aJj large and paniculate: AU'r-'liasian. 



"A. Curtisii, Tori;. & GE.iT. Almost wholly glal.r'jii- and smooth: stems 2 or 3 feet hijh, 

 rather .-lender, the larger loosely paniculately branched ; branches bearing scattered lai u'e 

 heads : radical and lower leaves (3 or 4 inelies long) ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, sparinc'lv 

 serrare. gradually or abruptly contracted into winged petioles ; upper ones lanceolate and 

 se--iJe. becoming entire: involucre hemispherical, equalling the disk, half-inch high; the 

 much imbricated i/oriareou.- bract? very (.'.■n-jiiruoii.sly appendaged with foliaceous ovate or 

 short-lanceolate tii-. <.ir the outer more than half foliaceous: rays rather broad, half-inch 

 long or more, deep violet-blue : akene- compressed, broader upward and ^vith narrowed apex, 

 glabrous. — Fl. ii. 110. — Margin of woodlands, in dry soil, through the Alleglianies in 

 X. Carolina and adjacent borders of Tennessee : very showy. 



* 2. Involucre and usually branchlets ■vi-cidly or pruinose-glandular, therefore more or le-s gra- 

 veolent, either well imbricated or loc'se : rays showy, violet to purple: akenes raostlv several- 

 nerved and narrow: pubescence not sericeou-s: leave- all entire or lower with few and rare teeth, 

 except in the la-t .-pedes: eauliue all -essile or partly cda-f-ing: true perennials, m^'istly multi- 

 plying' by -ul'ierrau'-an root-tocks or other shoot-, (fjlandular involucre also in -pe.-ies of 

 § MachcErunthe ra . some of which are short-lived perennials.) — Glaxdulosi. 



-i— Bracts of involucre rather well imbricated, commonly witli more or less rigid appressed base 

 and foliacei'LLS or herbaceous tips; rays not extremely numerous, from 1-5 to 40. 



-r-7- .SiL-iii simple: leaves and heads proportionally large: Rocky Mountain alpine or subalpine 

 sped.,?. 



'A. integrifolius, Xutt. Stem mostly a foot or more high, stout, sparsely leafy, villous- 

 pnbescent but glabrate, bearing few or several racemosely or thyrsoidly disponed heads : 

 leaves of firm texttire, oblong or spatttlate (the larger 4 to 7 inches long) or the smaller 

 upper ones lanceolate, sometimes ohsodetely repand-?erru]ate. apiculate, t^a^■er^ed by a stroi.^" 

 midrib, venule 'se-reticnlated, glabrate, half<lasping : lo^ve^t tapering into a long stout wiui:- 

 maiLrined petiole with clasfiius base: heads fidly half-inch high, hemispherical : involucre 

 and branchlets visci'l-glandtLlar ; its bracts few-ranked, linear, ascending, not squarrose; the 

 outer s uiietiines short and rather close, commonly larjer and more foliaceous, nearly equal- 

 ling the inner : these equalling the disk : rays 15 to 25, bluish-purple, half-inch long : akenes 

 compressed-fusiform, 5-nerved, and sometimes with intermediate nerves, sparsely pubescent : 

 pappus decidedly rigid. — Trans. Am.. PhiL .'^o« . n. ser. vii. 2Cil ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 1 1 1 ; 

 Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 324. — Open and moist subalpine woods or meadows. Montana to the 

 Cascade ilountains in ("ird'on. south to Colorado, and along the sierra Nevada, California, 

 iu the Yosemite. &c. ; first coU. by XuttaU. 



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