Aster. COMPOSITJE. 179 



long, 3 or 4 lines wide), somewhat hispidulous-puberalent ; those of flowering branchlets not 

 rarely glandular: involucre campanulate, aromatiu-scented, the linear bracts granulose- 

 glandular and viscidulous: rays i5-30, bright violet, 5 or 6 lines long: akenes ciiierc us- 

 puhescent. — Gen. ii. 156, & Trans. Am. Phil. Sue. 1. c. 294; Torr. & Grav, Fl. ii. 143. 

 A. biennis, Torr. Ann. Lye. X. Y. ii. 122, not Xutt. ^-1. mulliceps, Lindl. in DC.Prodr. v . 2.37, 

 from St. Louis, not "Louisiana." — Eocky banks and bluffs, Penn. and Virginia, from the 

 AUeghanies westward to Wisconsin, Kau.-iis. and Texas. 



Var. rigidulus. Low, more tastigiate, with more rigid and hispidulous scabrous 

 leaves. — A. Kinideini,TT\e>, in distrib. ilus. L'ps. no. 5. — Li drier and more exposed places, 

 Illinois and Wisconsin, to Texas and Colorado. 



-i— -1— Bracts of the involucre loose and more or less herbaceous (or somewhat colored) almost 

 from the base, linear-attenuate, all equalling the disk: head.-; hemispherical, numerous and 

 usually thyr^oidly or cymo-tly congested at tlie summit of the simple very leafy stem: rai's 

 numerous and narrow: style-appendages lanceolate: akenes hirsute. 



- A. modesttlS, Lisdl. Merely pubescent or glabrate: stem more blender, 2 feet high: 

 leaves thiimish, lanceolate or broader (2 to 4 inches long), sparingly and acutely serrate or 

 denticulate, very acute, mostly narrowed to a se.— ile or partly clasping but not auriculate base : 

 heads fewer and smaller than in the {jrecediiis : bracts of the involucre and ravs les- nnmer- 

 ou.-; tlie>e "pale blue." — Hook. Fl. ii. S. i DC. 1. c. 2:31 ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. .1. >'njanv.s, 

 2S'utt. Trans. Am. Phil. Sue. 1. c. 294. .1. Unalaschkensis ? var. major. Hook. Fl. ii. 7. .1. 

 mutatus, Turr i Gray, Fl. ii. 142. — iloist woods, Oregon to Brit. Coltmabia on the Pacific, 

 and east to Saskatchewan and Pembina (Macoun). 



* 3. Involucre imbricated, hemispherical, not glandular nor viscid, squarrose with ovate or lanceo- 

 late foliaceous tips to the bracts; pubescence yrhuU'/ soft and cinej-eou.?: ctmUne leaves oil with 

 sat/itiaie-auricuh'-te claqAnt] h<'$e, both sides of tlxe same hue, entire: base of stL-m said to be 

 somewhat woody 1 — Sagittlfei{I. 



. A. Carolinianus, Walt. Jlinutely and softly cinereous-pubescent, not glandular nor 

 viscid: stem diffusely branched, often itdinirirj, 4 to 10 feet long, w-ith straggling slender 

 branches : leaves oblong-lanceolate, an inch or two long, contracted above the sagirtotehj 



* auriculate insertion : heads terminating small-leaved branchlets : bracts of the involucre well 

 imbricated ; the outer shorter and somewhat spatulate, with ovate-lanceolate green tips or 

 more f'jliat-e'.-us; inner linear: rays .5 or 6 lines long, narrow, pale purple or ruse-color: 

 akenes narrow, glabrous, 10-nerved. — Car. 20* : ilichx. Fl. ii. 211 ; Ell. sk. ii. 353 ; Chapm. 

 Fl. 205. -1. scandens, Jacq. f. Lei. t. 125. — JIar.-hes and river-banks near the coast, S. Car- 

 olina to Florida. 



^ 4. Involucre imbricated : the bracts with coriaceous base and foliaceous or herbaceous lno=e tips : 

 pubescence soft^ericeous and sometimes sUrfry; leaves oj" the ^nme hue both sides, all entire, 

 disposed to become vertical by a twi--t near the se>^ile bas' : heads middle-sized or smaller: rays 

 violet: akenes narrow, S-10-nerved. — .SEHieEO-coscoL<'j:ES, 



•i^ Heads terminating open branches, middle-sized (about half-inch high): involucre loose and 

 foliaceous, of comparatively large bracts; the ontermost passing into le-aves of the branchlets : 

 leaves mucronate: akenes glabrous. 



" A. sericeus Vext. a foot or two high, paniculately branching : leaves silvery-white with 

 soft silky pubescence, oblong (an inch or less long), or the lowest oblanceolate (3 inches 

 Ion:,') : involucre oblong; foliaceous tips of the liraet- from ovate to lanceolate, sericeous- 

 canesceut : ravs 18 to 25, fully half-inch long, rather broad, deep violet. — Hort. C'els. t. 33 ; 

 Pursh, FL il. 34? : Torr. & Gray, L c. 112. -1. arr/enteus, Jlicbx. Fk ii. 111. — Prairies and 

 dry banks, ilinnesota and Illinois to Tennessee and Texas. 



Var. montanus. Less silvery, merely caneseent : leaves commonly narrower : upper 

 leaves and bracts of the shorter involucre sometimes glabrate and viUose-cihate ; approaching 

 the next species. — A. montanus, San. Gen. ii. 155. — In the mountainous district from Bun- 

 combe Co., X. Carolina, to X. W. Georgia. 

 A. phyllolepis, Tokr. & Gray. :More slender and mth long simple branches, merely 

 caneseent : leaves small; lower canline inch or more long, oblong ; the branches elliptical to 

 oblong-lanceolate, half to quarter inch long ; uppermost and the large ovate or ovate-lanceo- 

 late foliaceous portion of the involucral bracts cuspidate-acimiinate, glabrate, conspicuously 

 hirsute-ciliate : rays less than halt-inch long. — Fi ii. 113. A. sericeus, var. microphyllus, 



