Erirjeroji. COMPOSIT.E. 209 



gins; upper eauline linear-lanceolate, small: rays abont 40. — Proc. Am. Acjid. 1. u. Aster 

 salsw,i„os'ii<, var. angisti/.i'ms, Gniv, Bot. Calif, i. .32.5. — Mountains of U'ashiugton Terr. 

 (Brundaj'f) to the .Sierra Nevada, California, as far south as Kern Co., Lcmrnon, Mrs. 

 Austin, Miitt]irws, &.C. Passes into 



Var. glacialis. A span high, few-leaved, monocephaloas : leaves as of the trpe (of 

 which this is a reduced alpine form), Ijut smaller. — .ls(cr j/acfa/Zs, Xutt. Trans. Am. Phil. 

 S'lr. vii. 291 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 1.3.5. —Alpine region of the Rockv Mountains; fir^t coll. 

 liy X'lftitH in Wyoming. 



B. Howellii. lioot.-tock filiform : stem a foot high, equaldy leafy, monocephalous : leaves 

 membranaceous, glabrous and smooth ; radical obovate, sleuder-petioled ; eauline mostly 

 oiatt and with broad half-clasping ba^e (larger ones 2 iijclies long and an inch wide), some- 

 times one or two sharp denticulations, mucronate-acnminate : involucre, ic, nearly of the 

 foregoing: rays only 30 to .35, two-thirds inch long, u. Vm or two wide, ^Yhite. — E . salsugi- 

 nosus, var. Il'jinli:;, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. x\i. 93. — Oregon, in the Cascade Mountains 



Hwnll. 



*~*B. Coulteri, T. C. Poeter. Rootstock slender: stem 6 to 20 inches high, equably leafy, 

 bearing solitary or rarely -2 or 3 rather slender-pedunculate heads : leaves membranaceotis, 

 obovate to oblong, either entire or serrate with .-e\ eral sharp teeth, pilose-pubescent to gla- 

 brous, eauline inconspicuously mucrouulate : disk of the head about half an inch wide : in- 

 volucre less attenuate and spreading than that of E. salsur/inosus, obscurely viscidulous but 

 hirsute (as also the peduncle) with spreading hairs: rays 50 to 70, rather narrowlv linear, 

 half-inch or more long, white, varying to purplish. — Porter & Coulter, Fl. Colorad. 61; 

 Eothrock in Wheeler I'ep. vi. 154 ; Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xii. 93. — Rocky iUountains of 

 Colorado, at about 10,000 feet, Coulter, &c., of Utah, Ward, Jum^, &c.., and Sierra Nevada, 

 California, Brewer, Bolunder, Greene. 



■H- -H- Less A^ter-like: rays 100 or more and narrow: involucre closer : pappus more or less double, 

 but the exteiinr minute, setulose or subulate-squamellate: stems chiefly erect, tufted, generally 

 leafy to the summit, and bearing few or several heads; leaves entire. (Si>e'i< ~ bard to dis- 

 criminate, montane, but never alpine.) — § Phcenactis, Xutt. Trans. Am. Phil. .Soc. 1. c, in part. 

 .— — E. SpeciosUS, DC. S]iaringly and loosely hirsute or with a few scattering hairs : stems 

 mostly 2 feet high, i ery leafy to the trjp : leaves lanceolate, acute (3 to 8 lines wide), 

 sparsely ciliate ; lowest more or les,~ spatulate : ini olucre hirsute-puljescent, or sometimes 

 almost glabrous : rays half-inch to almost an inch long, violet. — Prodr. v. 284, & vii. 274 ; 

 Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 173. E. glaheUus, var. mncronatus. Hook. Fl. ii. 19. Simartis speciosa, 

 Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1577 ; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3067. — British Columbia to Oregon and per- 

 haps X. California, near the coast. 

 *»"B. macranthus, Xt tt. From hirsute-pubescent to nearly glabrous : stem 10 to 20 inches 

 high : leaves from lanceolate to ovate ; upper often reduced in size : involucre glabrous or 

 nearly sei, but commonly minutely glandular : rays half-inch long (heads not larger, as the 

 name ^^•otdd imply, but rather smaller than those of the preceding) : short outer pappus 

 more conspicuous, sometimes nearly sqnamellate. — Trans. Ava. Phil. .Soc. 1. c. ; Torr. & 

 Gray, 1. t. E. f)randiflorum,'S\itt. Jour. Acad. Philad. vii. 31, not Houk. — Rocky Moun- 

 tains, from Wyoming to X^w ilexico and S. W. Utah, at 8,000 to 10,000 feet in the south- 

 ern portions of its range. 

 "^^E. glabellus, X'utt. From partly glabrous to copiously hirsute, disposed to be naked 

 above : steins 6 to 20 inches high : leaves lanceolate or the lowest somewhat spatulate ; 

 upper linear-lanceolate and gradually reduced to subulate bracts : heads in the typical forms 

 considerably smaller than those of the two preceding species : involucre st^igo^ely hirsute or 

 pubescent : ravs violet, purple, and rarely white, a third to half an inch long : outer pappus 

 setulose. — Gen. ii. 147, & .Jour. Acad. Philad. 1. c. ; Hook. Bot. JIag. t. 2923, & Fl. ii. 19 (exd. 

 var. 7) ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c, with vars. asper & pubescens. E. asper, X'utt. 1. u., a some- 

 what roughish-hirsute form. E. pulcliellus. Hook. Fl. ii. 19, partly. — Minnesota and Sas- 

 katchewan to the Rocky ilountains, and southward to Colorado and Utah. Occurs in 

 various forms ; the small or slender northern forms of the plains naked-stemmed and simple ; 

 some of the larger more equably leafy and approa<:hing the preceding, others by the copious 

 pubescence leading to the ambiguous 



Var. mollis, Gray. Somewhat cinereous with a soft and short spreading pubescence, 

 a foot or two high, leafy to the top : leaves oblong-lanceolate : cinereous pubescence of the 



14 



