Eriga-on. COMPOSITE. 219 



mvolncre coraraoiily beset with some ln-istly hairs. — S\-n. ii. 431 ; Ilorik. Fl. ii. 20 ■ Torr & 

 Gray, Fl. ii. 17.). E. heierop/iylliis, iluhl. in Willd. iii. lii.ji;; Pers. 1. e. ; Pursh, Fl. ii. 148; 

 Bart. Veg. .Mat. Med. t. 21. E. stri.,...:,.., Bigel. Fl P„..-t ed. 2, .302, not Mulil. A.-t, r anmrns, 

 L. Hort. Cliff. & .Spec. ii. S75. Pnllmtni anmiu, (nvrtn. Fruct. ii. 402. 1 hi,U,,,nppus diibius, 

 C-a.ss. Bull. Philom. 1817 & lbl8. Shnartis duhia, Cass. Diet, xxxvii. 485. S. mmiia & S. 

 strh/nsu (excl. syn.), DC. Prodr. v. 299. Pl„il,i,n,l„ina uciilifulhim, Cass. DiL-t. xxxix. 405. 

 — FicbLsaiid open grounds, common from Cnnnda to \'irginia: also in Oregon, &c., in a 

 form quite intL-rniudiate between this and the foDowiug. (Xat. in Eu.) 

 B. strigOSUS, Mi:nL. Pul)esceme apijressed, either spar.se and strigose or dose and minute : 

 stem seldom over 2 feet high : lea\ es of firmer texture, lanceolate and the upper entire ; 

 lower from sjiatulate-lanceolate to oblong, often sparingly serrate : involucre with few or no 

 liristly hairs. — M'illd. 8]ier. 1. c. ; Ell. sic. ii. 3'J4 : Hools. 1. c. ; Torr. &,Gray, 1. c. E. ner- 

 vosum, Pursh, 1. c, not AA'illd. E. cmljiijiiia, Xutt. (i™. ii. 147. E. Philaclelphicns, Bart. 

 "S'eg. Mat. Jlcd. t. 20. E. inicirithllus, Bigel. 1. c. Doronicum ramosum, AValt. Car. 20.5. 

 riniliicrotoma obtiisijhiium, Cass. Dirt, xxxix. 405. S;, ,iii,-tis iii,ilii,/,ii,, DC. 1. c. — Dry open 

 grouuds, Canada and Saskatchewan to 'f'exas, Oregon, and California. Passes iuto or mixes 

 with the preceding. Occurs rarely with abortive rays, var. discoideus, Eobbins, in Grav, 

 Man. ed. 5, 237. 



Var. Beyrichii. A slender form, with minute and sometimes almost ciuereons pu- 

 bescence, s]naller heads, and rays from white to pale rdse-culor. — Torr. & Grav, 1. t. E. 

 JJri/1-ichii, Hort. Berol. Shnactis Bi';/ric/ili, Fiscli. & ^leyer, Ind. Seui. Petrop. v. 27. Phti- 

 Incroloma Be;/r!chii, Fisch. & Jlej er, 1. c. vi. 63. — Nebraska to Arkansas and Texas, perhaps 

 first coll. by Bi i/rich. 



++ -H- Leaves pinnately parted into narrow divisions : rays very numerous (100 or more) and nar- 

 row: pappus alike in ray and dislj; the bristles of the inner veiy deciduous; the sliorf squa- 

 mella; of the outer more or less confluent into a multideutate crown. — t)]-iirinal of Sttnacds, 

 Cass, ex Benth. PoJijaclis, Less. Syn. Comp. 188. Polyactidlum, DC. Prudr. i. 281. 



E. Neo-Mexicanus, Gray. A foot or two high from a biennial or winter-annual root, 



leafy, paniculately branched, hispidulous or Iiispid with spreading bristly liairs : divisions of 

 tlie cauline leaves 3 to 9, linear or linear-spatulate, obtuse, of the radical slmrter and broader : 

 rays wliite or purplish-tinged, narrowly Uuear, 4 or 5 lines long. — Proc. -\m. Acad. xi.x. 2. 

 E. delphinifuliiifi, Gray, PI. Wright, ii. 77; Kotlirock in Wheeler Eep. vi. 153 (where the root 

 is said to be perennial, which needs confirmation), not AVilld. — HiU>idcs, Xew Mexico and 

 Arizona, Wright, Thiirher, Pnhner, Roiliruclc, Lemmon. 

 E. DELPHixiF6Lirs, AYilld. {Stenactis, Cass., Poli/actldhtm, DC), from which Bentham first 



distinguislied our ^ ery similar species, appears to be wholly Mexican, has appressed pubescence 



and more numerous as well as more slender rays. 



§ 2. Trimoki'II-EA. Raj's incoiispieuoii.? or slender, numerous, sometimes not 

 exceeding tlie disk : within them ;i series of rayle.ss filiform female flowers (<(jm- 

 monly none in the last species) : lea\'es entire or nearly- so. — Trimorphcea, Cass. 

 Diet, xxxvii. tt liv. 



* Stems low from a truly perennial rootstock, mostly simple and monocephalous : rav'-coroUas 

 bearing a few long and articulated hairs on the irpper part of the tube; short outer pappus 

 manifest. 



E. alpinus, L. A sjian or so high, 1-3-cephalous : herbage and involucre more or less hir- 

 sute : leaves entire ; lowest spatulate, uppermost usually linear : rays purple, about twice 

 the leugth of the pappus. — Spec. ii. 864; Engl. Bot. t. 464: Fl. Dan. t. 292; Hook. Fl. ii. 

 18, excl. vars. ; Reichenb. Fl. Germ. xvi. t. 914. — High region of Northern Eocky Moun- 

 tains, Drnmmond, only specimen seen is not certain. (Eu., X. Asia.) 



* * Stems a span to a foot or more high from a biennial or sometimes more enduring root, the 

 larger plants branchin.g and bearing several or numerous somewhat paniculately disposed heads : 

 pappus nearly or quite simple. 



~^' " B. acris, L. I\Iore or less hirsute-pubescent, varying towards glabrous (not glandular) : 

 cauline leaves mostly lanceolate, the lower and radical siiatulate : involucre hirsute : rays 

 slender, equalling or moderately surjiassing the disk and pappus, purple : filiform female 

 flowers numerous. — Spec. ii. 863; Engh Bot. t. 1158; Eeichenb. 1. c. t. 917; Blytt, X'org. 



