SilpUum. COMPOSIT.E. 241 



•t^ 4^ Leaves rather few on the slender stem, the lower slender-petioled, often alternate : akenes 

 with the broad wings of the prece<ling. 



S. gracile, Gray. HispiduloQS : stem 12 to 30 inches high, rather naked, terminated by 

 solitarv or few mostly long-pedimciilate heads : leaves membranaceous, ovate-oblong or ob- 

 long-lauceolate, acute at both ends, denticulate; radical and lower cauline ample (5 to 9 

 inches long) ; upper cauline from 2 inches to half-inch long : involucre of nearly equal and 

 rather few oblong bracts: akenes orbicular or very bmaiUy oval, broadly wintred, and with 

 a comparatively shallow notch. — Proc. Am. Acad. viii. 653. — Prairies of Jliddle Texas, 

 DntwtHonJ, Lindheimer, Hail, &c. Sometimes the leaves are all alternate and the petioles 

 of the one or two principal cauline 2 or 3 ipches long, equalling; the blade. 



4— H— -t— Leaves numerous on the stem, varying from opposite to alternate or the middle ones 

 verticiljate, only upper and alternate ones (if any) strictly sessile by a broad base: akenes with 

 narniw willies and a cninparativL-Iy sliallo\v open notch; awn-like pappus-teeth usually evideat 

 and not rarely partly sepai'ate from the wing. 



S. AsterisCUS, L. stem 2 to 4 feet high, cora.monly hispid ; leaves from ovate-oblong to 

 oblong-lanceolate, coarsely and irregularly dentate or serrate, or some entire, scabro-hispid- 

 ulous or hispid, all the upper not rarely alternate, seldom auy verticillate ; upper commonly 

 sessile by a rounded or partly clasping base ; lower short-petioled : heads solitary or few on 

 leafv branches : involucre foliaceous and squarrose {half-mch high), hirsute or hispidulous : 

 akenes obovate-ovaL — Spec. ii. 920 (Dili. Elth. t. 37, f. 42) : ilichx. Fl. ii. 146; DC. Prodr. 

 V. 512 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 278. — Dry sandy soil, common from Virginia and Tennessee 

 to Florida and Louisiana. 



Var. ISBVicaule, DC, 1. c. Stem smooth and glabrous, either throughout or np to the 

 branches. — Torr. & Gray, 1. c. .?. scabrum, Walt. C'ar. 217. .S'. reticulatum, Mfcnch, ileth. 

 607, fide syn. L. .b'. Asteriscus, var. scabrum, Xntt. Gen. ii. 183. .S'. dentatum, EU. sk. ii. 468 ; 

 Torr. i Gray, 1. c. .S^. lanreolafum, Xutt. Trans. Am. Phil. S.jc. vii. 341, a narrow-leaved 

 form. .'^■. Asteriscus, var. dentatum, Chapm. Fl. 221. — S. Carolina to Georgia and Alabama. 

 » S. trifoliatum, L., 1. c. Stem 4 to 7 feet high, very smooth and gUbrous, terminated by 

 naked corvmbiform panicles of numerous usually slender-peduncled heads : leaves lanceo- 

 late, varying to oblong-ovate, and from entire to sparsely serrate, from almost glabrous and 

 smooth to scabrous or hispidulous-pubescent, seldom alternate, a part of them usually 3-4- 

 nately verticillate, commonly acute at base and the upper suhsessile, lower tapering into 

 margined petioles : involucre somewhat campanulate, narrower and usually smaller than in 

 the foregoing ; the bracts hardly foliaceous, smooth and glabrous, except the ciliate margins : 

 akenes broadly obovate-oval. — Hook. Bot. ilag. t. 3355 ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. .?. trifoliatum, 

 ternatum, & atropurpureum, Retz in WiUd. Spec. iii. 2333. .^■. ternifolium, Michx. FL ii. 146. 



— Drv woodlands, Penn. and Ohio, and through the upper country to Alabama. 



Var. latifolium. Stem 2 to 4 feet high : leaves broader, sellom more than opposite : 

 heads fewer and broader. ^5. lan-itjatum, EU. Sk. ii. 465 (perhaps Pursh. Fl. ii. 57^, but his 

 character points to S. integrifolium) ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. — TV. Georgia, Alabama, and low 

 country of S. Carolina ; and broad-leaved northern forms are similar. 



4(: ^ ^ gtem terete, almost leafless and scapiform, bearing a loose panicle of slender pedunculate 

 heads: involucre nearly hemispherical, of rounded mostly erect and coriaceo-herbaceous bracts : 

 radical leaves ample, Inng-petioled, cordate at base ; cauline when present all alternate and 

 slender-petioled: herbage almost glabrous and smooth, or the leaves hispidulous and papiUose- 

 scabrous. (True Eosin-Weeds.) 

 S. COmpositum, IIichx. Stem slender, 2 to 6 feet high, commonly glaiicous : radical 

 leaves of roundish-cordate or reniform or more ovate circumscription, 6 to 12 inches long or 

 hroad : heads small and numerous : involucre a third or rarely half inch high : rays small 

 and scattered, 4 lines long : akenes roundi^h-obovate and with wing broadencl above, s.j as to 

 form a deep notch, with which the two subulate pappus-teeth are confluent, sometimes nar- 

 rowly winced so that the summit is barely emarginate and minute pappus-teeth neadyfree. 



— I'orr. &"Grav, Fl. ii. 276. The firstniescribc J form (var. }[:.l„nixii, & var. oratifolium, Torr. 

 & Grav.l. c.) has the leaves varving from deeply sinuate-pinnatifid to pinnately or somewhat 

 ternatelv divided into 3 to 7 divisions, which are again sinuate-lobed ; for this the specific 

 name is' appropriate, being .>. rou,j,...sitam, Mkhx. FL ii. 145 ; Ell. 1. c. ; DC. 1. c, and .?. la- 

 ciniatum "Wait. Car. 217, not. L. 5. nudicaule, M. A. Curtis in Bost. Jour. Xat. Hist. i. 127, 



16 



