Iva. COMPOSITE. 247 



obovate-oval, turgid. — Car. 232; Michx. M. ii. 184; Torr. & Grav, 1. c — Sands of the 

 sea-shore, Virginia to Florida and Louisiana. (\V. Ind.) 



++ ++ Bracts of the simpler involucre 5 or 4 ; those among the several or rather numerous sterile 

 flowers reduced to linear filiform chaff: herbage niinutejv or s[.aiseh- strigulose or nearly gla- 

 brous, rarely more pubescent: leaves opposite and alternate. 

 I. frutescens, L. (Marsh Elder, High-water Shrlb.) Shrubby, or on the northern 

 coast nearly herbaceous, erect, .3 to 8 feet high, much branched : cauline leaves oval or ob- 

 long, 3 to 5 inches long, serrate, .3-nerved at ba.-e, petioled; those of the branches lanceolate 

 aud tapering to each end, and in the upper part of the inflorescence reduced to linear bracts 

 mostly surpassing the heads: bracts of the involucre distinct, orbicular-obovate. — Amoen. 

 Acad. iii. 2.5, & Spec. ii. 989; Walt. Car. 232; Lam. lU. t. 166, f. 2; Miclix. Fl. ii. 184; 

 Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 287. — Brackish muddy shores and beaches along the sea-coast, from 

 ilassaehusetts to Texas. 



I. Hayesiana, Gray. Snffrntescent, 2 or 3 feet high, with a.scending rather simple branches: 

 leaves obovate-oblong or spatulate, or the small uppermost lanceolate, .jljtu>e, entire, nearly 

 sessile ; the larger 2 inches long ; upper little or not at all surpassijig the heads : involncral 

 bracts distinct, roundish. — Proc. Am. Acad. xi. 7.8, & Bot. Calif, i. 614. — Brackish soil, San 

 Diego Co., California, Sutton Hai/ts, Palmer, G. /!. Vasei/. 

 ' I. axillaris, Pl-rsh. Herbaceous from somewhat woody creeping rootstocks; the stems or 

 branches nearly simple, ascending, a foot or two high : lea\ es from obovate or oblons to 

 nearly linear, obtuse, entire, sessile, rarely over inch long, even the uppermost usually 

 much surpas.^ing the mostly solitary heads in their axils : bracts of the hemispherical invo- 

 lucre connate into a 4-5-lobed or sometimes parted and sometimes merely creaate cup. — 

 Fl. ii. 743; Xutt. Gen. ii. 18,5; ll.jok. Fl. 1.309, t. 106; Torr. & Gray, l" c. — /. axillaris 

 (bracts almost separate) & I. foliolosa (liracts much united), Xutt. Trans. Am. PhU. .Sjc. L c. 

 346. — Sandy saline soil, Saskatchewan and Dakota to New ile.xico, and west to Brit. Colum- 

 bia and California. 



Var. pubescens, Gray. Villous with lax spreading hairs : involucre turbinate and 

 almost entire. — Bot. Wilkes Exped. xvi. 350, & Bot. Calif, i. 343. — California, along the 

 Bay of San Francisco. 



•*— -K- Heads 3-6-flowered, small (about a line long), very numerous, subsessile, all surpassed 

 by the narrow-hnear or filiform mosth- nlternate subtending leaves: slender erect annuals, 

 with elongated or virgate flowering branches: chaffy bracts filiform. — § Monarha:iiu, Torr, & 

 Graj', 1. c. 



I. microcephala, Xctt. Nearly glabrous, 2 or 3 feet high, even the lower leaves narrowly 

 linear (an inch or two long, a line wide), those snlitending the loosely disposed hemispherical 

 heads spreading : involucre of 4 or 5 distinct bracts : fertile and sterile flowers each about 3. 

 — Trans. Am. PhU. Soc. 1. c. ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. — Dry pine barrens, E. and !MidcUe Florida, 

 Baldwin, Chapman, Palmer, Curtiss, 



I. angustif olia, Nutt. Strigulose-scabrous or somewhat hirsute, 2 to 4 feet high : lower 

 leaves lanceolate, acute at both ends (larger inch and a half long, 3 or 4 lines wide), some 

 of them sparingly serrate ; those of the branches from linear to filiform, the bracteal ones 

 ascending : heads more crowded and spicate, turbinate : iuvolucral bracts united by scarious 

 edges into a cup : fertile flowers usually solitary ; the sterile 2 to 5 : anther-tips cuspidate- 

 apiculate. — DC. Prodr. v. 529, & Trans. Am. Phil. Soc 1. c. ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. — Gravelly 

 banks or beds of streams, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas. (Adj. !ilex.) 



§ 3. Choeisiva. Heads scattered, lateral and ebracteate on leafy branches : 

 fertile flowers with evident corolla. 



I. Nevadensis, M- E. Jones. Low and diffusely branched annual, leafy to the top, cine- 

 reously hirsute-pubescent : leaves obovate in outhne, pinnately 3-7-parted into oblong or 

 obovate obtuse lobes : heads small, sessile along the branches or rarely in the axil of a leaf : 

 involucre of 3 nearly distinct ovate-oblong and very obtuse foliaceous bracts, considerably 

 surpassing the 8 to 10 male and 3 or 4 female flowers ; the latter subtended and akene partly 

 enwrapped by as many roundish aud hyaline interior bracts; their truncate corolla beset and 

 fringed by long hairs. — Am. Naturalist, xvii. 973, hut akenes nqj; "finely striate." — Xer.r 

 Hawthorne, Nevada, M. E. Jones. — Insignificant but singular species, with the aspect of 

 Franseria Hookeriana. 



