Fmnscria. COMPOSIT.E. 251 



iug involucre armed with flat and thin lanceolate-subulate smooth and glabrous long and 

 straight spines, seemingly always 1-flowered. — T..ir. & Gray, Fl. ii. 204. /'. IL,.,hriona & 

 vwntana, Xutt. ). c. HemixatUhidium, Delpino, 1, c. GO. Amhrusni iiranihimrjm, Hook. ]-"l. 

 i. 309. — Plains and along streams, .Saskatekeivan to Washington Terr., California, Arizona, 

 and \V. Tex;is. 



" F. bipinnatifida, Xutt. Procumbent, with stems 2 or .3 feet long from a perennial root, 

 somewhat hir-ute : leaves of ovate circuuiseription (an inch or two long), 2-3-pinnatel/ 

 parted into oblong-linear division? and .-mail oblong lol.e-, faue.^ceut with soft tomentum or 

 fine hirsute-sericeous pubescence : sterile s])ike or raceme dense, of rather large head.- ; 

 fruiting iuvolucre ovate-fusiform, armed with rather short and tliick but flattiili tubercule- 

 like spines, their acute tips sometimes incurving. — Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 507 ; Torr. & 

 Gray, 1. c. /•". Z-cvw/iy//, A\'alp. liel. ileyen. 26.S. — Sands of the .-ea-coast, ^^'a.-llington Terr, 

 to .">. California. 

 F. Chamissonis, Less. Leaves cuneate-obovate or oblong-ovate with a cuneate base, 

 3-.5-nerved at base, obtuselj- serrate, the lower often laciniate-incised ; otlierwise as the pre- 

 ceding, or the 2-flowered fruiting involucre ratlier thicker, tlie spines broader and more cana- 

 liculate. — Torr. & Gray, 1. c. (with var. cunrifolia) ; Gray, Hot. Cal. i. 345. F. Cliamissonis, 

 var. mal cri-ful ia , Less, in Linn. vi. 507; DC. i c. F. cuneifoUa, Xutt. I.e. — .Saurly sea- 

 beaches, Brit. Columbia to California. 

 F. discolor, Xctt. 1. c. A foot or less high, erect from perennial slender creeping root- 

 stocks: leaves canescently tomentose beneath, green and glabrate above, interruptedly 

 bipinnatifid, oblong in outline, comparatively large (the lowest often 6 inches long) ; the 

 lobes usually short and broad : sterile racenie.- commonly solitary: fruiting involucre ovoid, 

 2-flowered, canescent, armed with rather short conical-subulate very acute and straight spines. 

 — Torr. & Gray, 1. c. From station and char, probably Aruhrosia toiiif^rdusa^ Xutt. Gen, ii. 

 18G. Xiintliidiuni discolor, Uelpiuo, 1. c. — Plains, &c., Nebraska to Wyoming, Colorado, and 

 Xew Me.\ico. 



. F. tomentosa, Geat. A foot high, rather stout, erect from an apparently perennial base 

 or rootstock, canescent with a den,-e sericeous tomentum : leaves very white beneath, cine- 

 reous abo\ e, pinnately 3-5-cleft or parted ; the terminal division large, oblong or broadly lan- 

 ceolate, serrate ; upper lateral similar but smaller ; lowest commonly very small and entire : 

 fruiting involucre 'J lines long, turgid-ovoid, 2-t^u^^ererl, nearly glabrous; the short spines 

 conical-subulate, very acute, and the very tip usually uncinate-incurved. — PI. Fendl. SO, & 

 Pacif. E. Eep. iv. 102. — Along streams or river-beds, Kansas and E. Colorado, Fendler, 

 B;;j,:l,-„r, Ball. 



* # * Slirubby, low (1 to 3 feet high), much branched, canescent with a fine and cIoEe white 

 tomentum, which is sometimes partly deciduous with age : sterile heads and fertile glomerules 

 not rarely intermixed in short racemes or clusters. 

 •t— Fruiting involucre mostly 2-flowered, smooth and glabrous, or barely puberulent; its spines 

 flattened and dilated at base, mostly straight-pointed. 

 'F. dumosa, Gkay. Divergently much branched, very canescent: leaves small, l-.3-pinnately 

 parted into oblong or roundish (1 or 2 lines long) obtuse lobes: fertile involucre globular; 

 its spines long, tapering from a broadish flat base to a slender aristiform point. — Frem. 2d 

 Eep. 316, Bot. :Mex. Bound. 86, & Bot. Calif, i. 345. F. albicaulis, Torr. PI. Frem. 16.— 

 Arid region, from S. E. California to S. Utah and S. Arizona; first coU. by Coulter. 

 F. deltoidea, Toek. Somewhat less woody, and less densely canescent-tomentulose : 

 branches erect or spreading : leaves all undivided, from rhomboid-ovate or oblong to deltoid 

 or obscurely hastate, minutely and often doubly crenate-serrate, an inch or less long, rather 

 slender-petioled : fruiting involucre of the preceding, but the spines shorter and broader, 

 flatter, lanceolate-subulate.— PI. Frem. 15; Bot. .Alex. Bound. 87; Bot. Calif. 1. c — ATon- 

 thidium rhombophjllam, Delpino, 1. c. 1 — Arid regions of Arizona, and perhaps adjacent part 

 of California, Fremont, Parr;;, Schott, Palmer, &c. (Can hardly be F. cTienopodiifolia, Benth., 

 of Lower California.) 



-)— -f— Fruiting involucre only one-flowered, villous-lanate ! 

 F. eriocentra, Geay. r.igidly much branched, canescent with -very minute tomentum: 

 leaves soon green and glabrate above, cuneate-oblong to lanceolate, from sinuately few-toothed 

 or lobed to sparingly and irregularly laciniate-pinnatifid, nearly sessile by attenuate base : 



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