Budbeckia. COMPOSIT.E. 259 



95. RUDBfiCKIA, L. Coxeflotver. (The two Professors ^«cZfec/L-, 

 father and son, predeeesfeors of Linna-us at Upsal.) — X. American herbs, chiefl}- 

 perennial ; with alternate leaves, either simple or compound, and commonly 

 showy pedunculate heads terminating stem and branches ; the rays yellow, rarel}' 

 with brown-purple base, in one species wholly crimson, tlie disk from fuscous to 

 purplish black. Fl. summer. — Gaertn. Fr. t. 172. liiidliecki'ct & Dracopis, Cass. 

 1. c, ; DC. 1. c. ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 307, 316. 



§ 1. EuEUDBECKiA. Akenes prismatic-quadraneular, when laterally com- 

 pressed yet with a salient angle or rib on the lateral faces : bracts persisting on 

 the receptacle. — Rudheckia, (,'ass., itc. 



# Disk from hemispherical to globose or oblong-ovoid, dark -purple (at letfst the corollas ) or brown : 

 akenes (not rarely becoming somewhat curved) inserted b}' a central or slightly oblique basal 

 areola. 



H— Leaves elongated-linear, as it were gramineous, but rigid, nervose, shining, entire: chaffy 

 bracts of the receptacle firm or rigid, carinate-concave, commonly mucronate from tiie tliickish 

 obtuse summit, rather shorter than the subtended flfiwers: stjde-tips conical-capitate : disk dark 

 brown, globular, becoming ovoid in fruit: stems rush-like and striate, 2 feet or more high fi-om 

 a perennial root, bearing solitar}^ rather small heads on long naked peduncles: rays in one 

 species dark crimson \ 



R. atrorubens, J^ott. Either glabrous or sjiarsely and minutely strigulose: stems rigid, 

 nearly simple, few-leaved : leaves rather obtuse, often purplish ; radical and lowest cauline- 

 •"- often a foot long, a quarter to half an inch wide: involucre a few small subulate-linear 

 bracts : rays 9 or more, oblong, half-inch long, dark crimson ; fructiferous disk two thirds of 

 an inch long, its receptacle fusiform-conical ; its chaffy bracts thick and firm, oblong, tipped 

 with a short rigid mucro : akenes equably quadrangular, straight and w ith centrally basal 

 insertion, a line and a half long, inclusive of the short cupulate and obscurely 4-toothed 

 pappus. — Jour. Acad. Pliilad. vii. 80. Eihinacea atrorubens, Xutt. Trans. Am, Phil. S..c. 

 1. c. .354; Torr. & Gray, PI. ii. 306 (with var. graminifolia) ; Chapm. Fl. 226. — Borders of 

 pine-barren ponds, Georgia and Florida, in the low country (also Arkansas, according to 

 Nuttall), Wray, Chapman, ilohr, &c. 

 R. bupleuroides, Shctti,. Perfectly glabrous and smooth, divergently branching : leaves 

 pale green, attenuate-acute ; the larger 7 or 8 inches long, 2 or .3 lines wide : heads smaller ; 

 disk even when fructiferous hemispherical or globular : rays bright sulphur-yellow, over half- 

 inch long : chaffy bracts of the receptacle less rigid, obtuse with obscure or blunt mucro : 

 akenes somewhat curved and with rather oblique insertion, 2 lines long, inclusive of the deep 

 cupulate and irregularly dentate pappus. — CoD. Rugel distrib. by Slmttleworth ; Chapm. 

 Fl. Suppl. 629. R. jM'jIin'l, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xvii. 217. — W. Florida. Wet pine 

 barrens near St. Marks, Ragel, 1843. Margin of the Dead Lakes, near lola, C. Mi>hr. — 

 Jlakes approach to R. nitida, var. longifolia. 



^— -i- Leaves broad, various in form, thinnish, veiny : chaffy bracts of the receptacle merely 

 concave, thinnish, not rigid, acuminate into a slender almost awn-like cusp, about equalling llie 

 flowers; the whole disk black-purp'e : stjle-tips conical-capitate : root biennial. 

 ■~R. trQoba, L. Bright green, sparsely hirsute or hispidulous, or the freely branching stem 

 glaljrous and smooth, 2 to 5 feet high : radical leaves commonly cordate, slender-petioled ; 

 cauline ovate-lanceolate or broader, with cuneate subsessile base, coarsely serrate, acuminate, 

 or the upper lanceolate and nearly entire, the lower divergently 3-lobed or 3-parted : heads 

 short-peduncled : involucre foliaceous. soon reflexed ; its bracts linear or mostly so, unequal, 

 nearly in a single series : rays 8 to 10, half-inch to inch long, deep yellow, sometimes parti- 

 colored, the basal portion orange or even brown-purple : disk depressed-globular, becoming 

 ovoid at maturity (about half-inch in diameter), glabrous, the upper part of the chaffy 

 bracts and the flowers dark purple : akenes equably quadrangular : pappus a minute crown 

 or border. — Spec. ii. 907 (pi. Gronov., Pink., &c.) ; Michx. Fl. ii. 144 (excl. var ) ; Bot. Beg. 

 t. 525 ; Bart. Fl. Am. Sept. i. t. 24; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. R. triloba, subtomentosa (as to herb. 

 & pi. Virg.), & aristatu, Pursh, Fl. 575. Peramibus hirtus, Raf. Ann. Xcat. 14. Ontrocarpha 

 triloba (at least as to "paleis acumiuato-aristatis," though the rest of the character refers to 



