Balsamorrhiza. COMPOSITiE, 265 



, W. camosa, Pers. Perennial herb, slightly strignse-hispidulous, glabrate: stem exten- 

 sively creeping, sending np erect branches : leaves tieshv, mostly se-ile, cuneate-oblong to 

 obovate, somewliat serrate, often with some coarse teeth or 3 to 5 short lobes : ravs golden 

 yellow, 3-toothed, little surpassing the oblcug foliaceous iiivolucral bracts : akene's (3 lines 

 long including tlie cupulate pappus) much thickened and muricate-scabrous at maturity, the 

 attenuate base compressed and shar]j-iAlgea. — Syu. ii. 490; DC. Prodr. v. 538 : Griseij. PI. 

 W. Ind. 371. .■^ilphium trilobatum. L. !>pec. ed 2, il 1302 (Plum. ed. Burm. t. 107, f. 2; 

 Sluaue, Jam. t. 155, f. 1). Bujildhalmum repens, Lam. — Biscaj-ue Bay, S. E. Pl.jrida, Cmiiss. 

 (\Y. Ind., ^^. Am.) 



98. BORRiCHIA, Adans. (Ole Borrlch, a Danish botanist of the 17th 

 century.) -- Shrubs or suffruticose and more or less fleshy plants of the sea-coast, 

 caneseent, or becoming glabrate and green ; with opposite entire or denticulate 

 leaves tapering somewhat into a petiole, and rather large heads of yello\\- flowers 

 on terminal peduncles: fl. summer. — Fam. ii. 1.30; DC. Prodr. v. 48>>. 



- B. arborescens, DC. Shrub 4 feet or less high, fleshy, much branched : leaves spatnlate- 

 lanceulate, rigidly mucronate, veiuless : involucre apjjre-sed : bracts of the receptacle oljtii-e 

 or barely mucronate. — Prodr. 1. c. Asteriscas, ic. Dill. Elth. t. 38, f. 43. Coromi-sol ■ < 

 frutescens, &c.. Plum. ed. Burm. t. 16, f. 2. Buphlhatmum arborescens,!,. Spec. ed. 2, ii. Ii73. 

 — Sandy shores and Keys, S. Florida. (W. Ind. to Peru.) 



' B. frutescens, DC. Less woody, more permanently caneseent; the simpler stems 1 to 3 feet 

 higli : lea\'es fleshy-coriaceous, from obovate to spatulate-lanceolate, sometimes deutate : 

 bracts uf the involucre smaller and looser, spreading in age ; of the receptacle spimiluse- 

 cuspidate. — Prodr. 1. c. Asteriscus frutescens, &c.. Dill. Elth. t. 38, f. 44. Chri/sanlhem'im 

 fruticosum, &c., Catesb. Car. i. t. 93. Bupldhalmutn frutescens, L. Spec ii. 903; Walt. Car. 

 212 ; Torr. & Gray, El. ii. 268. — Saudy sea-coast, Virginia to Texas. (.Mex., &c.) 



99. BALSAMORRHIZA, Hook. (BaAo-a/xov, balsam, plla, root.) — 

 Low perennials (all of Central and AVestern X. America) : with thick and deep 

 roots, which exude a terebinthine balsam, and send up a tuft of radical leaves, 

 mosth' on long petioles, and short simple few-h?aved flowering stems or naked 

 scapes, bearing large and mcstly solitary heads of yellow flowers ; the rays ample 

 and numerous. Cauline leaves when present alternate or occasionally opposite, 

 petioled. The root, when peeled (to get rid of the terebinthine rind) and baked, 

 is an article of food to the aborigines, and the akenes are also eaten. — Fl. i. 

 310 (under Heliopsis) ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 300; Gray, PI. Fendl. «1. 



§ 1. Ligules becoming thin-papery, and persistent on or very tardily deciduous 

 from the canescently pubescent akenes. — KaUtactis, Gray, 1. c. 



B. Careyana, Gr-^t, 1. c. Cinereous-pubescent, slightly scabrous : flowering stems a foot 

 high, bearing 3 or 4 small lanceolate leaves and 2 to 7 racemosely disposed head- ; leaves 

 subcoriaceous, entire, reticulated ; the radical cordate-lanceolate, a span or more in length : 

 'involucre half-inch or more high : ligules oval, hardly inch long, abruptly contracted into a 

 very short but distinct tube: style-branches of the dislc-flowers subulate and very hisj.id 

 throughout. — Sandy plains on the Clearwater. Idaho, fl. :May, -ipnhV.nq. Eediscovered on 

 the "^''allawalla, AVashington Terr., 1883, by Brandegee, with the rays deciduous from tlie 

 mature fruit. 



§ i. Ligules deciduous in the ordinary manner: akenes glabrous: stems or 

 scapes terminated by solitary or sometimes 2 or 3 heads. 



* Leaves entire or merelv serrate ; the principal ones cordate or with cordate base and long-pcti- 



oled. — § Artorldza, Xutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 350. E.-pthtla, Xutt. Jour. -icad. Plidad. 



vii. 39, not Humb. & Bonpl. 



"B. sagittata, XrxT. Sihery-tomentulose or caneseent, and the involucre white-woolly: 



radical leaves from cordate-oblong to hastate, entire or nearly so (4 to 9 inches long, the 



