Helianthiis. COMPOSIT.E. 271 



V. Parishii, Greexe. Branched from the base and diffuse; the nearly simple slender 

 flowering branches (sometimes rather canesceutlv pubescent) bearing mostlj- solitary pedun- 

 culate beads: leaves ovate, small (half-inch to barely inch long), sunieivhat serrate, shoit- 

 petifiled: involucre broad : its bracts lanceolate : akeues more villous : awns as long as the 

 akene and chaffy-dilated only near tlie base; the palea3 much laciniate. — Bull. Torr. Club, 

 ix. 1 5. — Desert region of W. Arizona and S. E. California to the coast at fsau Luis Rev, 

 Xcwberri/, Palmer, Parry & Lemmoii, Purish, ]\' G. \Vric/!it, (ireene. 



-1— •*— -I— Herbaceous ? perennials, white-tomentose or canescent (at least the foliage) : involucre 

 of rather short imbricated bracts. 



V. reticulata, Watson. Stem glabrate, few-leaved: leaves rigid and coriaceous, cordate, 

 entire, strongly veined and reticulated beneath, -2 inches long, petioled, caiiesc-eut with short 

 rather silky pubescence : heads small (3 or 4 lines high), several in the corymbiform clus- 

 ters : rays 3 lines long : subulate chaffy awns only twice the length of the laciniate palete 

 of the pappus. — Amer. Xat. vii. 301. — Telescope Jlountain, Xevada, JMicehr. 



V. tephrodes, Gray, silvery-white with close-pressed sericeous-hir-iite (not tomentose) 

 pubescence, which is probably somewjiat deciduous :, leaves alternate, ovate-oblong or the 

 upper rather deltoid-lanceolate, entire, thichish, 3-ribbed at base and obscurely veinv, less 

 than inch long, slender-petioled : heads few or solitary, less than half-inch liigh : akeues (or 

 rather ovaries) short, with "villous-ciliate margins and rather glabrous sides, about the length 

 of the lanceolate awned palea;, the short intermediate palese dissected into almost setil'orm 

 squamella;. — Proc. Am. Acad. xvii. 21S. Seliaiithus {Barpalium) Uphrodes, Gray, Bot. 

 ilex. Bound. 90. Vlguiera ninea. Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 354, excl. s\ n. Benth. &. syn. Kellogg. 

 — S. E. California, at Mirasol del Monte, in tlie Colorado Desert, SiJiott. 

 V. t.anAta, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. x\ ii. 218 [Bahiopsis lanala, KeUocg, Proc. Calif. ..Vcad. 



ii. 35), of Lower California, with ver}- pannose dense tonientum, is of the genus, Ijut is not 



Encelia nivea, Benth. 



v. TO>ri;xT6sA and V. DELXofDEA, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. v. 161, are other species of 



Lower California. 



103. TITHONIA, Desf. (Ti(9a)FoV, consort of Aurora.) — Eobust aBiiuals 

 (all ^Mexican) ; witli alternate petioled and S-riljbed often 3-lobed ample leaves, and 

 large heads of yellow flowers on long and stout upwardly thickened peduncles. 

 Liffules entire or nearly so. Bracts of the receptacle rather rigid, striate, cuspi- 

 date or aristate. Akenes oblong or narrower, compressed-quadrang-ular : the 

 pappiiR either deciduous or persistent. — Desf. Ann. ^lus. i. 4'.i, t. 4 ; Benth. & 

 Hook. Gen. ii. 374. — The following was collected so near the southwestern 

 boundarv of the U. S. that it is here introduced. 



T. Tliurberi, Geat. Comparatively small and slender, 2 feet high, slightly hispid : leaves 

 ovate, serrate, undivided : head only half-inch high, with little exserted orange-colored rays : 

 bracts of the involucre lanceolate or oblong, with short foliaceons tips : akenes narrow : 

 squaraellas of the pappus linear-oblong, coriaceous, the awns nearly smooth. — Proc. Am. 

 Acad. viii. 65.5. T. tiiba-formis, Gray, Bot. ilex. Bound. 90, not Cass., which is a far larger 

 and showy species. — Magdalena, State of Sonora, Jlex., near Arizona, Thurber. 



104. HELIANTHUS, L. Sunflower. (From "HXto?, the sun, and 

 a.v9oc. flower.) — Annual and perennial American herbs, almost all X. American, 

 usuallv tall or coarse ; with the lowest and sometimes all the leaves opposite and 

 simple ; heads pedunculate and terminating the stem or branches, produced in 

 summer or autumn, with yellovr rays (wanting in one or two species), and either 

 yellow or dark purple disk-flowers : chaily bracts of the receptacle eitlier entire 

 or 3-toothed: throat of the disk-corollas not rarely 10-rierved. Pappus normally 

 of a thin and acuminate or awn-pointed palea from each of the two principal 

 anijles of the akene, or rarely an additional one : intermediate squamellae present 



