272 COMPOSITxi:. Relianthus. 



only in a few species, and then inconstant, or else mere appendages or lateral 

 portions of the 2-paleaceous pappus. Juice of the stem resinous. — Schkuhr, 

 Handb. t. 528; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 318; Beuth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 376, excl. 

 syn. of Flourensia in part. 



H. PAUCiFLOKL's, Nutt. Geti. ii. 177, of "Lower Louisiana," with narrow serrate leaver, and 

 ovate closely imbricated bracts to the involucre, has not been identified. 



§ 1. Annuals : involucre spreading ; its bracts attenuate to a point : disk 

 brownish or dark purple : receptacle flat or nearly so : leaves petioled, 3-ribbed 

 from or near the base, all but the lower usually alternate. 



# Stem erect, commonly robust: chaffy bracts of the receptacle mostly 3-cleft at" apex, the longer 

 middle lobe lanceolate or linear and somewhat hirsute or liispid. Species of difficult limitation, 

 apparently confluent. 

 H. argoph^Uus, Tore. & Geay. "White with soft and silky wool, wliich is sometimes 

 floccose, in age more or less deciduous : leaves slightly serrate : otherwi.se as in tlie larger 

 indigenous forms of the following. — M. ii. 318 ; Rev. Hort. 1857, 431 with figure. — Te.xas ; 

 first coll. by Dnimmond, Disk often inch and a half broad, and rays as long. Degenerates 

 in cultivation apparently into 

 *H. annuus, L. (Common Sunflowee. ) Robust, when well developed tall, hispid, his- 

 pidulous, or scabrous ; stem often spotted or mottled ; leaves ovate and tlie lower cordate, 

 serrate, the larger 6 to 12 inches long, the blade of the cauline ones longer than tlieir petiole : 

 bracts of the involucre from broadly ovate to oblong, aristiform-acuminate, below hispidly 

 ciliate : disk in the wild plant commonly an inch or more in diameter. — Spec. ii. 904 (excl. 

 habitat, for it came not from Peru, nor even from Mexico) ; Lam. 111. 706; Gray, Bot. Calif, 

 i. 353. H. lenticularis, Dougl. Bot. Reg. t. 1225; DC. Prodr. v. 586; Torr. & Gra_v, 1. c. 

 S. tubmformis, Xutt. Gen. ii. 177 ; Ind. Sem. Goett. 139. H. ovatns, Lehm. Ind. Sem. Hamb. 

 1828, & Linn. v. 376. IT. eri/ihrocai-pus, Bartl. H. macrrucarpus, DC. Prodr. 1. c, a race of 

 the garden Sunflower with larger and light-colored akenes, long cult, in Russia, &c., for food 

 and oil. H. mnltiflonts, Hook. PI. i. 313, excl. syn. . (For history, &c., see Decaisne in PI. 

 des Serres, xxiii., and Gray & Trumbull in Am. Jour. Sci. ser. 3, xxiii. 245.) — Plains and 

 alluvial grounds, Saskatchewan to Texas, and west to Washington Terr, and California. 

 (Adj. Max.) Fruit from early times collected by the N. American Indians for food and 

 hair-oil ; the plant cultivated for these uses. Gigantesque forms everywhere commonly 

 cultivated for ornament. 



"H. petiolaris, Nutt. A foot to a yard high, more slender, loosely branching, strigose-his- 

 pidulous, rarely hirsute: leaves oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, entire or sparingly 

 denticulate, barely acute, 1 to 3 inches long, cuneately attenuate or the lower abruptly con- 

 tracted into a long and slender petiole : bracts of the involucre lanceolate or oblong-hiuceo- 

 late, witli acute and mucronate or sometimes more attenuate tips, seldom at all ciliate ; disk 

 half-inch or more in diameter. — Jour. Acad. Philad. ii. 115; Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 2, 

 t. 75; DC. 1. c; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. H. patens, Lehm. Ind. Sem. Hamb. 182S, & Ind. Schol. 

 1828, 19. H. inter/rifolius, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 306. — Dry plains, S:\skatcliewau 

 to Texas, west to Oregon and Arizona: seemingly passes into tlie preceding specie.^. 



Var. canescens, Guay, PI. Wright, i. 108. Leaves whitened with a fine and close 

 strigulose-sericeous pubescence; the lowest ovate, all or most of them witli blade longer 

 than the petiole. — S. W. Texas and New Mexico; first coll. by Wright. A very similar 

 variety from Nebraska, H. Enijdmann. 



# # Stem erect, not tall: chaffy bracts of tlie receptacle entire or with a pair of small lateral 

 teeth, and tlie apex prolonged into a nalced cusp or awn: bracts of the involucre hirsute or 

 hispid with long spreading hairs, oblong or lanceolate, mostly attenuate-acuminate. 



H. scaberrimus, Benth. a foot or two high : stem ratlier stout, branching, scabrous- 

 hispid: leaves from ovate to oblong-lanceolate, from r,atlier coarsely serrate to entire, 2 to 5 

 inches long, the base cuneately ur more abruptly contracted into tlie" jiotiole, both faces' either 

 slightly or strongly scabrous : disk about two-thirds inch in diameter, and ravs of about 

 equal length : cus]) of the chaff mostly subulate-aristi form and eiiinilHng the developed disk- 

 flowers.— Bot. Sulph. 28, not Ell. U. Bolanderi, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. vi. 544, &Bot. 



