Eelianthus. COMPOSITE. 277 



roots. — Moist or wet ground, Canada to Saskatchewan, and south to Alabama and Louisiana. 

 \ery variable: the var. ambiguus, Torr. & Gray, 1. c , is intermediate between this species 

 and //. (Urancatus, probably a hybrid. 



* H. Maximiliani, .Scheadek. Hispidulous-scabrous : stem stout, 2 or .3 (and even 10 to 12) 

 feet higii, bfluw mostly rough-hispid : leaves aliiiust aU alternate, thickish, becoming rigid 

 very scabrous above, lanceolate, acute or acuminate at both ends, mostly subse.-silc, all entire 

 or sparmgly denticulate : heads comparatively hirge, short-peduncled, terminating somewhat 

 simple stem or branches, and later in the axik of many of the cauline Ic-aA es : involucre 

 of more rigid bracts ; rays numerous, often inch and a half long, golden yellow ■ flowering 

 late. — lud. Sem. Hort. Goett. 1835 ; DC. Prodr. vu. 290; Torr. & Gray, f 1. ii. 325 ; Gray, 

 PI. Lindh. 1. 41 (with var. asperrimus, which is merely a rougher form) ; Jlcehau, Nat. Fl. ii! 

 t. 37. — Ricli prairies and phiins, west of the Mississippi, and from Saskatchewan and Min- 

 nesota to Texas. 



++ ++ Pacific species: leaves mostly lanceolate, broader toward the base and tapering to an acute 

 or acuminate apex, short-petioled or subsessile : involucre of narrow or smuU bracts : rays about 

 inch long. 



= Bracts of the involucre linear- or lanceolate-subulate, attenuate, fully equalling the disk, her- 

 baceous, loose or soon squan-ose-spreading : stem usually smooth and glabrous, except at the 

 summit. 



H. Nuttallii, Tore. & Gray. Stem slender, 2 to 4 feet high, commonly simple : leaves 

 lanceolate or the upper linear (3 to 6 inches long, 3 to 9 lines wide, in small plants not rarely 

 all opposite), serrulate or entire: heads half-inch high: bracts, of the involucre naked or 

 somewhat hirsute at base; disk-corollas slightly pubescent toward the base: paleae of the 

 pappus long and narrow. — Fl. ii. 324. //. Culijhrnicus, Xutt. in herb., not DC — In wet 

 soil, Rocky Mountains, from western part of Wyoming and Utah to Oregon, Washington 

 Terr., and interior of Brit. Columbia. 



H, Parishii, Gk.a.t. Resembles the preceding, 6 to 15 feet high: leaves elongated-lanceor 

 late, softly cinereous-puberulent or even canescent beneath, scabrous above : heads half-inch 

 high and rays 10 to 18 lines long: bracts of the involucre linear-subulate, longer than the 

 disk, villous toward the base : disk-corollas with a silky-villous ring or two tufts above the 

 short proper tube: paleae of the pappus slender-subulate. — Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 7. — S. E. 

 California, in wet places and along streams at Sau Bernardino, Parish ; fl. autumn. 



H. Californicus, DC. Tall, 3 to 8 feet high, usually branching : leaves lanceolate, entire 

 or serrate (the larger 4 to 10 inches loug, sometimes an inch or two wide) : heads mostly 

 two-thirds inch high : rays over an inch long when well developed : bracts of the involucre 

 slightly liirsute or naked : disk-corollas canesceiitly puberulent toward the base : akenes i ery 

 glabrous : paleae of the pappus broadly lanceolate. — Prodr. i . 589 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 325 ; 

 Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 353. H. gicjanteus, var. insulus, Kellogg, Proc. Calif. Acad. \. 17. — 

 California, along streams, from San Francisco Bay southward. 



Var. Utahensis (H. r/if/pnteus, var Utuhensis, Eaton, Bot. King Exp. 169) seems 

 rather to Ije a form of H. Californicus, with thin and smoother leaves, and involucre more 

 hirsute. — Wahsatch Mts., Parley's Park, Utah, Watson. 



Var. Mariposianus. Leaves ample ; upper cauline ovate or oblong-lanceolate, en- 

 tire (7 or 8 inches long by 2 or more wide) : pappus not rarely of 4 linear-lanceolate paleae 

 of nearly equal length, or two often reduced and short. — Banks of the Merced at Clark's 

 Ranch, Mariposa Co., California, Bolander. 



= = Bracts of the involucre broader and short, erect. 

 H. gracilentus, Gray. Stem 2 to 5 feet high, rough-hispidulous, the slender branches 

 glabrous or .scabrous ; leaves thickish, scabrous and commonly hispidulous both sides, spar- 

 ingly denticulate or entire ; lower cauline from broadly to ovate-lanceolate, tripliuerved near 

 the base, which is abruptly contracted into a short margined petiole ; upper lanceolate : 

 heads slender-peduncled, half-inch high : bracts of the involucre imbricated in about 3 ranks, 

 thickish, ovate or oblong-lanceolate, acute or apiculate-acuminate, shorter than the disk, 

 scabrous-puberulent, usually ciliolate : chaff of receptacle with puberulent obtuse or abruptly 

 acutish tips, below often purplish: rays 12 to 16, about inch long. — Proc. Am. Acad. xi. 77, 

 Bot. Calif, i. 616. — Low plains and along water-courses, Sau Diego Co. to San Bernardino 

 Co., California, Painter, Parry & Ltinmou, Parish, &c. 



