Encelia. COMPOSIT.E. 281 



Belding, 1875. At AU-Salnts Bay, 70 miles below the U. S. boundary, Parrii, 188.3; perhaps 

 therefore within tlie U. S. A singular species, with aspect of a Viyuieru, but a caducous pappus 

 of two lanceolate paleae and no squaraellas. 



105. FLOURfiNSIA, DC. (JZ /. P. Fhurens, a distir.L'uished pUysi- 

 ologist.j — Founded on two homogamous northern Mexican species, of very dis- 

 tinct habit and character, shrubby, almost L'labrous, somewhat resiniferous-^ iscid, 

 much branched, with alternate entire leaves, either corymbed or paniculate short- 

 peduncled heads from upper axils, and whitish or yellowish flowers. To these 

 the founder added two Chilian radiate species, viz. F. corymbosa, which is a 



Viguiera ( ]'. Pcepjjiyii); and F. thurifcra (Htlionthus thurifer, Molina i, which 

 may probably remain as a subgenus, Dlomcdla, Ijcrtero and Colhi. not Cass. — 

 DC. Prodr. v. .j'J2, excl. no. 2 ; Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 7. 



F. cernua, DC, 1. c. Very branching and leafy shrub, with the aromatic bitterness and 

 odor of hops, 3 to 6 feet high : branches puberulent : leaves obovate and oblong, half to inch 

 and a hall long, acute at both ends, dull, u'jscurely veiny : heads seldom half-inch long, sub- 

 sessile in the axils or terminating paniculate branchlets, soon nodding : involucre cam- 

 panulate, shorter than the disk, of lanceolate erect imbricated bracts, with some outer and 

 spreading foliaceous ones passing into leaves : tips of the short style-branches much dilated, 

 wider than high : awns of the pappus rigid, half the leng-th of tlie appressed-villous akene, 

 the slender squamellaj not surpassing the villous hairs. — Gray, PI. "Wright, i. 114, & ii. 89. 

 Melianthus cernuus, Benth. & Hook. Gen., ex Hemsl., but it is not really so referred, nor has 

 it any likeness to that genus. — Arid hiUs and plains, ^Y. Texas to Arizona, Wriyht, Lem- 

 mon, &.C. (Adj. ilex., Berlandier, Gregg, &c.) 

 F. L.\URir6LiA, DC. 1. c., of X. E. Jlexico, Berlandier, Palmer, is larger, with oblong and 



more veiny lucid leaves (2 to 4 inches long, on di.~tinct petioles), corymboselj" clustered heads 



of twice or thrice the size, &c. ; may occur on the Lower Rio Grande. 



106. ENC£lLIA, Adans. i CJin'stop/ier Eacel, wrote upon oak-galls.) — 

 Herbs or some under-shrubby (all ^Vmerican, chieflj' subtropical) ; with alternate 

 or opposite leaves, commonly with rather showy radiate heads of flowers on 

 naked peduncles ; the rays mostly yellow, occasionally wantinu' ; the disk yellow 

 or brownish. Chaffy bracts of the receptacle usually soft and mainly scarious. — 

 Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 378. Encelia, Siinsia (Pers.), & Armania (Bertero),- 

 DC, Prodr., with Gercea, Torr. & Gray, & Barrattia, Gray ct Engelm. 2<<glect- 

 ing the pappus, which is inconstant, the four sections may be reduced to two. 



§ 1. EuEXCELiA. Akenes densely long-ciliate : upper and commonly most of 

 the leaves alternate: petioles naked. — Encelia, Adans. Fam. ii. 128. Fallasia, 

 L'Her. ex Ait., not L. f. Gercea, Torr. & Gray, &c. 



* Shrubbv or lignescent at base, wich herbaceous flowering branches: leaves from ovate to oblong- 

 lanceolate, mostly entire. 



E. MiCKOPHf LLA, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xv. .37, & xix. 7, of Xorthem Mexico, makes the 

 nearest approach to Flourensia, and commonly has a biaristellate pappus. 



E. ALBESCENS, Gray, 1. c. viii. 658, of Sonora in Jlexico, Palmer, appears to be more herb.a- 

 ceous than the following species ; the akenes less strongly viUons on the edges, except next the 

 summit, and the faces pubescent : pappus biaristellate. It may be expected in .S. Arizona. 



E. halimif6lia, Cav. Ic. iii. 6, t. 210 {Patlas,a qranJifora, WiUd. Spec. iii. 2261), from 

 " Nova Hispania," i. e. Mexico, probably from the Pacific side. This resembles E. Califcrrniro, 

 and, being described as having green and glabrous leaves and ciliate involncral bracts, is very 

 probaljly identified in a plant collected on the Xaqui River, Sonora, by Palmer, perhaps not far 

 below the Mexican border of Arizona. It is probably also E. conspersa, Benth. Bot. Sulph., of 

 Lower California. 



