282 COMPOSITE. Encelia. 



B. Califomica, Nutt. Woody only at base, 2 to 4 feet high, strong-scented, minntely 

 pubescent and sometimes cinereous when young, at least the foliage glabrate and green : 

 leaves from ovate to olilong-lanceolate, rarely denticulate or toothed, about 2 inches long: 

 heads commonly solitary and large, the disk nearly inch broad, brownish or purplish : invo- 

 lucre Avhite-villous . rays 16 to 20, an inch or more long, golden yellovir- akenes ollo^ate, 

 with very shallow notch and no pappus ; the margins very long-villous. — Trans. Am. Pljil. 

 Soc. vii. 357; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 317; Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 351. — Dry ground, California 

 near the coast, from Santa Barbara to San Diego, thence east to the borders of Arizona, 

 where is a smaller-flowered form, K. lonspersu, Gray, Bot. jMex. Bound. 88, not Beuth. ■? 



E. farinosa, Gray. Shrubby, except the nearly leafless flowering branches or corymbosely 

 branched peduncles, 2 to 5 feet high, leaves (and the leafy branches) silvery-white with a 

 close furfuraceous tomentum, ovate or ovate-oblong, obtuse, contracted at base into a rather 

 long petiole • heads somewhat paniculate, smaller ; the disk only half-inch broad, yellowi.sh ■ 

 involucre short, barely pubescent rays 6 to 10, only half-inch long : akenes obovate, with a 

 deep notch and no pappus. — Emory Rep. 143, & Bot. Calif. 1. c. E. nivea. Gray, Bot. Mex. 

 Bound. 88, not Benth. — ^Dry bills, S. E. California and Arizona, first coll. by Coulter. 

 . frutescens, Geay. Shrubliy below, 2 or 3 feet high, with widely spreading monoceph- 

 alous branches, hi.spidulous-seabrous and at least the branches cinereous: leaves ovate or 

 oblong, obtuse, half-inch or an inch long, abruptly petioled mostly from a rounded base : 

 heads rather long-peduncled, variable in size : rays either none, few, or numerous, but short 

 (quarter to half inch long) and 3-4-lobed : akenes very long-villous on tlie margins, with a 

 small narrow notch at summit pappus either none or of two delicate long-villous awns. — 

 Proc. Am. Acad. viii. G57, & Bot. Calif. 1. c. Simxia [Gercea) frutescens, Gray, Bot. Mex. 

 Bound. 89. — Gravelly hills and ravines, S. ITtah, Arizona, and S. E. California; first coll. 

 by Fremont. 



* * Herbaceous perennial . leaves linear, entire. 



B. scaposa, Gkat. Minutely scabrous-puberulent, a foot or more high : leaves all crowded 

 at and near the base of the slender scapiform and simple monocephalous stem, rather rigid, 

 entire, 2 or 3 inches long, a line or two wide: involucre loose: rays several, obovate or 

 cuneiform, half-inch or less long, 3-toothed : akenes (immature) very villous all over, as also 

 the pappus of two chaffy awns. — Proc. Am. Acad, xix. 7. Simsia? { Gercea) scaposa, Gray, 

 PI. Wright, ii. 88. — New Mexico, and stony hiUs between the Mimbres and the Rio Grande, 

 Wricjht. 



# * * Herbaceous from an annual or biennial root (at least the first species): leaves apparently 

 all alternate, somewhat dentate: awns of the pappus large and conspicuous, thick at base, con- 

 tmiioiis from the rather strong and very villous margins of the cuneate akene. — Gercea, Torr. & 

 Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. v. 48. 



B. eriocephala, Gkay. A foot or two high, hirsute with white hairs: stem simple or 

 branched from the annual root, leafy below, nearly leafless toward the somewhat paniculate 

 heads : leaves cuneate-uljovate or ovate-oblong ; lower tapering into margined petioles, upper- 

 most reduced to sparse subulate bracts : heads about lialf-iuch high : bracts of the involucre 

 linear-lanceolate, green, l]ut the lower half and the margins very white with long villous 

 pubescence : rays 12 or more, cuneate-obovate or spatulate, half-iiicli or more long, golden 

 yellow: akenes cuneate, slightly emarginate between the thick-based awns. —Proc. Am. 

 Acad. viii. 657 ; Bot. Calif. 1. c. Gcnm canesccns, Torr. & Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. v. 48, 

 Simsia {Gercea] canescens. Gray, Ph Fendl. 85. — Low grounds and sand-hills, througli the 

 arid region of W. Arizona and adjacent parts of Nevada and S. E. California; first t^oll. by 

 Coii/ter, tlien by JTremnnt. 



Var. paniculata. A greener and less hairy form, panicalately branched ; the nu- 

 merous heads of only half the ordinary .size.— S. Arizona, Priiiqir. 

 ■B. Visoida, Gray, a foot or two high, branching, leafy up to the usually short simple 

 peduncles, viscid-glandular and hirsutely a ill.ins : leaves thii'mish ; cauline all ovate or oblong, 

 obtuse, closely sessile and clasping liy an auricnlate or cordate liase ; lower ones and base of 

 stem not seen : lieads nearly an inch high anil hroad : bracts of the ^ iscid involucre oblong, 

 olituse, at length much sliortcr than the yellow disk : ra^•s none : akenes narrowly cuneate, 

 truncate between the awns. — Pr.,c. Am. ,U;id. xi. 78, & Bot. Calif, ii. 616. — Mountains of 

 San Diego Co., California, Palmer, Parish. 



