HeliantheUa. COMPOSITiE. 28 



q 



§ 2. SiMSiA. Akenes naked, at least not strongly ciliate : leaves usually 

 opposite or the upper alternate, broad, usually serrate, sometimes 3-.>lobed, not 

 rarely auriculate-dilated at the insertion : herbs. — Simsia, Pers. Barrattia, Gray 

 & Eugelm., merely wants the pappus. 



* Root annual: petioles all naked at base : some uppermost leaves alternate. 

 B. exaristata, Gray. Stem 2 feet or more high, rather slender, minutely glandnlar-puber- 

 ulent and sparsely villons-hirsnte, naked at summit and bearing loosely paniculate heads : 

 leaves ovate and oblong-ovate, barely serrate, rarely somewhat incited, on narrowh margined 

 petioles: heads half-inch high, rather narrow: bracts of the involucre lanceolate; outer 

 series villous-hirsute, more than half the length of the narrow and granulose-glandular 

 inner ones : rays 4 to 9, not surpassing the disk : akenes very smooth and glabrous through- 

 out, obovate, slightly emarginate at summit, destitute of pappus, or not rarely with two 

 minute vestiges of awns. — Hemsl. Bot. Biol. Centr.-Am. ii. 18.3, & Proc. Am. Afad. xix. 8. 

 Shnsia lac/ascceformis, Gray, PI. Wright, i. 107, not DC. S. exaristata. Gray, PI. "W right. 

 ii. 87. — Valleys along water-courses. Western Texas to Southern Arizona, Wright, Thurher, 

 Leminon. (.Me.x. ?) 



# * Root perennial, thick and fleshy-tuberous: leaves all opposite, even on the branches, on 

 margined or narrowly winged petiole.^, these united at base on each side by a foliaceous append- 

 age, the two often connate into an amplexicaul disk. 



B. calva, Gr-it. Scabrous-pubescent and often hispidulons : stem 2 or .3 feet high, with 

 oppcsite branches, terminating in long and naked monocephaluiis peduncles : leaves deltoid- 

 ovate and subcordate, often hastately 3-lobed, irregularly dentate : involucre hemispherical, 

 half-inch high, hirsute and hispid, outer bracts foliaceous and somewhat squarrose : rays 

 15 to 20, half-inch long : akenes wholly smooth and glabrous, obcordate-oval, without vestige 

 of pappus. — Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 8. Barrattia calva, Gray & Engelm. Proc. Am. Acad. 

 1. 40. Simsia (Barrattia) calva. Gray, PI. Lindh. ii. 228. — Eocky hills and edges of oak 

 woods, Texas, Lindheimer, Wright, &c. (Adj. Me.x., Berlandier.) 



B. subaristata, Gkat, 1. c. Too closely like the preceding, sometimes more caneseently 

 hispid -. akenes minutely pilose-pubescent, ciliolate toward tlie summit, bearing two rigid 

 scabro-hispidulons awns, which are half the length of the akene or often reduced to mere 

 rudiments. — Simsia subaristata. Gray, PI. Fendl. 84. — S. W. Texas, Wright, Palmer. 

 (ilonterey, Jlex., Gregg, &c.) 



107. HELIANTHELL A, Torr. & Gray. (-Hefeaw^Aws with altered ter- 

 mination, the principal species resembling that genus.) — Perennial (X. Amer- 

 ican) herbs, of diverse habit, commonly simple-stemmed and entire-leaved : rays 

 yellow : disk either yellow or purplish-brown. — Fl. ii. 233 ; Gray, Proc. Am. 

 Acad. xix. 9. 



§ 1. ExCELiOPSLS. Silvery-canescent, scapose, with large heads (disk an inch 

 broad and flat), thick-leaved: chafi'y bracts of the receptacle soft and scarious : 

 akenes flat, oblong-cuneate, very villous, with narrow callous margins and summit, 

 the latter bordered between the short subulate awns by a very short fringe of 

 membranaceously confluent squamellas. Anomalous species. 



H. nudicaulis. Gray. Cespitose, with a stout multicipital candex, densely tomentulose- 

 canescent ; leaves all radical and rosulate-tufted, obovate or orbicular, obtuse, an inch or 

 more long, abruptly contracted into a longer margined petiole : scapes naked, nearly a foot 

 high, monocephalous : bracts of the involucre all canescent and lanceolate, numerous in 

 2 or 3 series, equal : rays 20 or more, linear, about inch long : disk-corullas also yellow ; tlie 

 short ovate teeth hispidulous-pubescent outside : immature akenes 4 lines long, including the 

 short awn.~, which do not surpass the villosity. — Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 9. Encelia (Geraa) 

 nuclinnilis, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. viii. 6.^6. — S. W. Utah, Capt. Bishop. Candelaria, 

 Esmeralda Co , Xe^•ada, Shockley. 

 H. argoph^lla. Gray, 1. c. Said to be " 2 or 3 feet high, leafy, with cauline leaves similar 

 to the radical ones " ; these very white with the dense silvery tomeutum, rhomboid-obovate 



