294 COMPOSIT.B. Coreoj.sis. 



inches in length and half-inch to inch wide), thus closely imitating a whorl of six : disk- 

 flowers dull yellow : akenes obovate-elliptical, 2-toothed at summit Tiy extension of the hroad- 

 ish wing, the teeth sometimes aristellate-pointed. — Fl. ii. 128, Pursh, Fl. ii. 568; Nutt. in 

 Jour. Acad. Philad. vii. 77; Torr. & Gray, 1. v.. C. major, Walt. Car. 214'— Dry and 

 usually sandy woodlands, N. Carolina to Florida. The typical form is softly and minutely 

 pubescent. Passes into the following 



Var. stellata, Tork. & Gray, 1. c. Smooth and glabrous throughout : divisions of the 



leaves from oblong to broadly lanceolate, sometimes rather attenuate at base (rarely, or in a 

 monstrosity, the middle one 3-cleft !), sometimes a part or even all the lea\es entire ! — C. stel- 

 lata (Soland. in herb. Banks), Nutt. Jour. Acad. 1. c. C. senifolia, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3484. 

 C. CEmleri, Ell. Sk. ii. 435, the abnormal entire-leaved form. — Upper country and moun- 

 tains, Virginia and Kentucky to Georgia. Passes, especially in the lower country, to 



Var. rigida, Nutt. Divisions of the leaves lanceolate, mostly attenuate at base, from 

 2 to 3 or 4 lines wide, mostly quite glabrous. — Gen. ii. 180. C. Wrai/i, Nutt. Jour, Acad. 

 1. c. C. delphini folia, var. rigida, Torr. & Gray, 1. c. — S. Carolina to Florida, in the low 

 and middle country. Narrowest-leaved forms closely approach C. delphmifolia. 



* * Perennial, tall: leaves petioled and pinnately 3-5-divided, except the uppermost: otherwise 

 nearly as the preceding. — § Chrysostemma, Torr. & Gray. Chrysostemma, Less., DC. 



'C. tripteris, L. Smooth and glabrous, or leaves minutely pubescent: stem strict, 4 to 8 

 feet high, simple, with corymbose or fastigiate flowering branches ; leaflets lanceolate, rather 

 obtuse, 2 to 5 inches long ; the pinnate veins connected by an obscure vein just within the 

 scabrous margin : heads half-inch or less high, and oblong rays almost inch long : disk-flow- 

 ers dull yellow turning brownish : akeues with narrow wings obscurely lacerate or denticu- 

 late at summit : no proper pappus : heads when bruised anise-scented. — Spec. ii. 908 ( Moris. 

 I-Iist. sect. 6, t. 3, f. 44) ; Michx. Fl. ii. 138 ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Aiwcis tripteris, Schrank, ex 

 DC. Chrysostemma tripteris, X,ess. Syn. 227 ; DC. Prodr. v. 568 ; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3553. 

 — Near streams, in rich soil, Penn. to AVisconsin and Louisiana. 



* * * Perennial, tall: leaves short-petioled, undivided, copiously pinnately veiny and serrate: 

 style-tips conical-pointed: akenes oblong-lanceolate, wingless, the narrow truncate apex desti- 

 tute of teeth or any kind of pappus: flowering late. — § Silphidium, Torr. & Gray. 



C. latifolia, Michx. Glabrous and smooth, or pubesceut, 3 to 5 feet high, leafy and simple 

 to near the top : leaves membranaceous, 6 to 9 inches long, ovate or oval, acuminate at both 

 ends, short-petioled; the long-mucronate teeth callous-tipped: heads several or numerous: 

 involucre half-inch high, narrow ; bracts of the outer loose and herbaceous, linear, more or 

 less shorter than the thin and narrowly oblong inner ones, hardly united at base : rays nar- 

 rowly oblong, entire, over half-inch long : disk-corollas yellow, barely brownish in age ; 

 akenes nearly 4 lines long. — Fl. ii. 137; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 341. — Higher mountains, 

 N. Carolina to Georgia. 



* # * * Annuals, late-flowering, some perhaps biennial, leafy-stemmed and branching: leaves 

 thinnish, petioled, pinnately 3-7-parted or divided, rarely undivided, these or their divisions 

 pinnately veiny and incised or serrate, the principal veins often running to the sinuses: heads 

 numerous: bracts of the involucre mostly distinct to the base; the outer loose and spreading or 

 reflexed, usually foliaceous, irregular, sometimes numerous: lays obovate-oblong, almost always 

 entire, conspicuously many-nerved, disk-flowers dull yellow: anthers black: akenes ivingless 

 or obscurely margined, obovate or cuneate-oblong, unicostate on each face, straight, more or 

 less 2-dentate or 2-aristate, sometimes the lateral ribs produced at summit into a tootli or awn. 

 — § Diodonta, Torr. & Gray. Diodonta, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phd. ,Soc. vii. 360. (Transition to 

 Bidens: diflering only in the absence of retrorse barbs to the awns of the pappus, and some 

 species hybridizing with those of Bidcas.) 



H— Heads radiate: rays golden yellow: bracts of the outer involucre about 8, not longer than the 

 inner: akenes cuneate-oblong or obovate-cuneate, somewhat angulate-thickened on the faces, 

 obscurely ciliate or naked-margined. 



1. aiirea, Ait. Glabrous or nearly so, 1 to 3 feet higli : leaves various, more commonly 3-7- 

 divided, with lanceolate divisions or leaflets iucisely serrate or lohed, or upper lea\cs" undi- 

 vided : rays half or two-thirds inch long . akenes broadly cunoato, only oue or U\o lines 

 long, slightly hairy, bearing two very short and r.nthcr divergent and blunt chaffy teeth, and 

 rarely obscure ones from the lateral angles. — Ait. Kcw. lii. 252 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 339. 

 C. coronata, L. Spec. ed. 2, ii. 1281, as to herb., but cxcl. syn. Plum, (from which the "foliis 



