396 COMPOSITE. Caccdia. 



1. c. — Damp woods, Georgia and W. Florida to Louisiana. It is impossible to determine 

 whether this or the next is Walter's C. ovala. 

 "^ C. tuberosa, Nutt. Green, not glaucous : stem 2 to 5 feet high from "a napiform root " 

 or stock, striiite-angled : leaves thickish, from oval to oblong-lanceolate, entire or denticu- 

 late, or rarely repand-dentate, conspicuously 5-7-uerved from base, and the nerves parallel 

 and continued to the apex ; radical plautagineous, 3 to 8 inches long, contracted or tapering 

 at base into (sometimes foot long) petioles ; lower cauline similar, upper comparatively few 

 and small. — Gen. ii. 138; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 436. C. paniculata & C. pieranthes, Raf. 

 Ann. Nat. 1820, 14. C. ovata, Walt. Car. 196 ? from char., not Ell. — Wet prairies, &c., 

 W. Canada and Wisconsin to Alabama. 

 C. lanceolata, Nutt. Somewhat glaucous : stem terete, 2 or 3 feet high, slender : leaves 

 all lanceolate and lightly 3-5-nerved, or even linear and 1-3-nerved, thickish, entire, some- 

 times 2 cjr 3 laciniate teeth or small lobes : heads and cymes of the preceding or fewer. — 

 Gen. 1. c. ; Ell. 1. c. ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. C. hastata ? Walt. 1. c. 195 ? — Wet pine barrens, 

 &c., S. Carolina to Florida and Louisiana. 



* * * Leaves decompound: stem and branches slightly pubescent: corolla divided down to the 

 proper tube into linear lobes somewhat exceeding it in length. 



C. decomposita, Gray. Stem slender, 3 feet high, floccose-wooUy at base, naked and 

 paniculately branched above, bearing numerous small (4 or 5 lines high) heads in open 

 corymbiform cymes: leaves large (radical 2 feet high including the petiole), 3 or 4 times 

 pinnately divided into linear chiefly entire lobes, the primary and secondary divisions more 

 commonly alternate: involucre about half the length of the (5 or 6) flowers. — PI. Wright. 

 ii. 99. Senecio Gniijanus, Hemsl. Biol. Centr.-Am. Bot. ii. 241. — Jlountains of S Arizona, 

 Wright, Lemmon. 



194. ERECHTfTES, Raf. Fireweed. (Name of a Groundsel by Dios- 

 corides.) — Coarse and homely annuals (Eastern American, and some in New 

 Zealand and Australia) ; with rank smell, alternate leaves, and cymosely or panic- 

 ulately disposed heads of whitish or dull yellow flowers. — DC. Prodr. vi. 21)4; 

 Benth. & Hook. Fl. ii. 44.j. Neoceis, Cass. 



"B. hieracifolia, R.vr. Glabrous or with some hirsute pubescence: stem commonly stout, 

 1 to 6 feet high, sulcate, leafy to top : leaves of tender texture, lanceolate or broader, sessile, 

 acute, acutely dentate, or some incised or pinnatifid, upper commonly with auriculate partly 

 clasping base: heads half-inch liigh, cyliudraceous, rather tleshy, setaceouslv bracteolate : 

 pappus white. — DC. Prodr. 1. u ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 434. E. (kieraajuliu,) pnealta, elon- 

 gata, &c., Raf. Fl. Ludov. & in DC. Senecio hieracifolius, L. Spec. ii. 866. Cineraria 

 Canadensis, W^alt. Car. 207 ? — Moist woods and copses, a common weed in enriched soil, and 

 especially where woods have been recently biirued away (fl. late summer), Newfoundland and 

 Canada to Louisiana. (Extends to S. Amer.) 



Tribe IX. CYNAROIDE^, p. 81. 



195. SAUSStTREA, DC. {Theodore, and his father Horace Benedict 

 Saussure, eminent Genevese naturalists.) — Perennials of the northern temper- 

 ate and arctic zones ; with middle-sized heads of purple or violet-blue flowers. — 

 Ann. Mus. Par. xvi. t. 10-1 ;), & Prodr. vi. .5;J2 ; Benth. & Hook. Gni. ii. 471. 

 — Ours all have the disthict and deciduous outer pappus of true Saiissurea : 

 fl. late summer. 



S. alpina, DC. 1. c. Low, 2 to 12 inches high, with few c^•mose-glome^ate heads looselv 

 arachnoid-tomentose and glabrate : leaves from narrowly to oblong-lanceolate or even 

 bio.-ider, all narrowed at base, denticulate, sometimes entire : bracts of the involucre char- 

 taceo-membrauaceous, acutish or acute, outer shorter: usually some setose cluiff of the 

 receptacle among the flowers. — Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 452; Reicheub. Ic. Fl. Germ t 816 



