432 COMPOSIT.E. Crcpis. 



small heads : leaves elongated, slender-petioled, oblong-lanceolate in outline, laciniate-pin- 

 natifid, tapering to both ends, the apex usually into a lanceolate or linear tail like prolonga- 

 tion (of 2 or 3 inches in length) ; the lobes also mostly linear-lanceolate, rarely short: invo- 

 lucre narrow-cylindraceous, a third to half inch long, rarely over 6-ftowered, theinflorescence 

 smooth and glabrous : the few calyculate bractlets minute and often tomentulose : akenes 

 at maturity fusiform, considerably longer than the pappus, lightly striate-costate, moderately 

 attenuate at summit. — Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 489 ; Torr. in Stansbury Rep. .392, t. viii. (akene 

 too rostrate) ; Eaton, Bot. King Exp. 204, hardly of Gray, Bot. Calif. — Dry ground, Mon- 

 tana and "Wyoming to E. Oregon, southward to Utah and mountains of 8. E. California; 

 first coll. by Nutlall. 

 C. intermedia. Habit and foliage of the preceding, or less tall, more cinereous-puberulent, 

 usually with fewer heads : involucre half-inch or more long, canescently puberulent ; its liracts 

 in age more carinate by thickened midrib, the calyculate ones less minute : akenes acutely 

 10-costate at maturity, oblong-fusiform, slightly attenuate upward, longer than or equalling 

 the pappus. — C. acuminata, Gray, Bot. Calif. 1. c, partlj'. Rocky Jlountaius in Colorado 

 to the Sierra Nevada, California, and north to the interior of Washington TerrI and borders 

 of British Columbia. Appears to pass both into preceding and following. 



Var. gracilis. A ^ery slender form, with rhachis and apical prolongation as well as' 

 lobes of the leaves attennate-linear. — C. occidentalis, var. gracilis, Eaton, Bot. King Exp. 

 203, mainly. 



Var. pleurocarpa. Leaves mncinately dentate, or.subpinnatifld, or some entire, not 

 prolonged at ape.x : akenes merely oblong, hardly narrowed upward, shorter than the pappus, 

 very saliently lO-costate. — Jlountains about headwaters of the Saerainento, N. California, 

 Pringle, coU. 1881, taken as a well-marked species : but the coll. 1882, distributed as " C. pleu- 

 rocarpa. Gray," accords both as to leaves and akenes with C. intermedia. 



= = Principal bracts of involucre 9 to 24 and flowers 10 to 30: pappus exceedingly copious and 

 pluriserial, rather harsher. 



" C. occidentalis, Nutt. Often hirsute as well as canescent, rather robnst, a span to a foot 

 or so high, commonly leafy-stemmed and branching : leaves oblong-lanceolate or broader 

 in outline, variously laciniate-pinnatifid or incised, apex seldom much prolonged : heads few 

 or several, mostly on stout peduncles : involucre half to two-thirds inch high, oblong-cylin- 

 draceous to campanulate, canescent: akenes (4 or 5 lines long, longer than the pappus) 

 usually with tapering .summit and acute ribs. — Jour. Acad. Philad. vii. 29 ; Torr. & Gray, 

 Fl. 488; Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 43.3. Psilocheni a occidentalis, Nutt. Trans. Am. Fhil. Soc. I.e. 

 — Plains of Nebraska and Wyoming to "Washington Terr., and south to the mountains of 

 Colorado and California. A'aries widely, as into 



Var. COStata, Gray, Bot. Calif. 1. c. Low and stouter form, with broader heads, and 

 no hirsute pubescence : involucre oblong, of 10 to 14 bracts : akenes thicker, oblong, some- 

 times hardly at all narrowed at summit and more saliently costate. — Utah, on Stansbury 

 Island, Watson. 



Var. Nevadensis, Kellogg. Stout, a span or two high, hirsute as well as canes- 

 cent, or canescent only : leaves broad, disposed to be laciniately bipinnatifid : heads solitary 

 or few, on stout peduncles : involucre campanulate; its principal bracts 16 to 20: akenes 

 gradually narrowed to summit. — C. occidentalis, var. Nevadensis & var. subacanlis, Kellogg, 

 Proc. Calif. Acad. v. 50. Var. rostata in part, & var. Nevadensis, Grav, Bot. Calif. 1. c^-^ 



High Sierra Nevada, California, Kelloijt/, Lemmon, &c. 



^ Var. orinita, Gray, Bot. Calif. 1. c. Stout, a span to a foot high, barbately and 

 above somewhat viscidly hirsute even to the involucre; this from broadlv campanulate to 

 oblong, 20-30-flowere(l : akenes (as far as seen) oblong, strongly costate, ol'.scnrely narrowed 

 at summit. — Sierra Nevada from Sierra Co., Lemmon, Mrs. ximes, to Siskivou Co. Greene. 

 Also collected by the Wilkes Expedition, in Washington Territory, or peihaps rather n! 

 California. 



228. PRENANTHES, Vaill. (Hp^v,^;, drooping, ^vOr^, blossom.) - 

 Perennial herbs, the original a European species, with loosely paniculate heads, 

 few-nerved akenes, and soft bright white pappus. But the American species all 

 belong to the following well-marked subgenus, 



