Laduca. COilPOSIT^E. 441 



* Seapose, monocephalous, perennial by roundish tubers. 

 P. SCaposus, DC. I.e. Hirsutulnns-puUescent, low and simple: globular tuber (three- 

 fourths inch in diameter) sending up a slender caudex, bearing at the surface of the ground 

 a cluster of pinuatifid leaves and sca]jes of a span or two high : the latter simple and naked, 

 sometimes a bract or small leaf near tlie liase : head seldom an inch high in fruit : calvculate 

 bracts of involucre short and small, subulate; principal ones obscurely corniculate "at tip; 

 flowers citron-yelluw : pappus fulvous. — P. grandijiorus, Xutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. I.e. 

 430; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. ; Engelm. & Gray, I'l. Lindh. i. 42. Barkhausia fjraudlflora. Xutt. 

 Jour. Acad. Philad. vii. 69. — Prairies of Arkansas and Kansas; first coll. by Pltrher. 

 Texas ; iirst coll. by Berlandier. 



* * Mure or less leafy-stemmed and branching: heads moderately long-pedunculate. 

 -1— Leaves diversely pinnatifid, laciniate, sinuate-dentate, or some upper ones entire. 



' P. Carolinianus, EC. Annual or biennial, freely branching, 2 to 5 feet high, nearly 

 glabrcais, but i>eduncles and involucre mostly cinereous-puberulent : upper leaves when undi- 

 vided usually elongated lanceolate and gradually attenuate to the tip : flowers very bright 

 yellow : fruiting heads fully inch high : calvculate bracts setaceous-subulate, loose, half or 

 a tliird the length of the principal ones; these conspicuously corniculate at the apex: 

 pappus rufous. — Torr. & Gray, 1. c. ; Xutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 1. c, Mith var. marimus. 

 P. muhlcaulis, Curtiss, Distrib. X. Am. PI. 1623, not DC. Leontodon Curnluilanmn, Walt. 

 Car. 192. Smrzo/iei-a piimatifida, ilichx. Fl. ii. 89. Chondrilla Iceriguta, Pursh, i"l. ii. 497. 

 Barlhausia Caroliniana, Xutt. Gen. ii. 126; Ell. .Sk. ii. 251. — Diy ground, Maryland to 

 Florida, Arkansas, and Texas. 



' P. multicaulis, DC. 1. c. A foot or two high from a thickened apparently perennial root 

 (but flowering first season), less leafy, at length many-stemmed from base, and diffuse or 

 ascending : leaves seldom large : head in fruit two-thirds to three-fourths inch high : calycu- 

 late bracts of involucre short and subulate : pappus rufous or fulvous. — Texas ( tii?t coll. 1 ly 

 Berlandier), X'ew Jlexico {Xewbe?Ti/, Greene, llusby), and Arizona (Limrnon), the latter a 

 dwarf and very narrow-leaved form, (ilex., where P. pauciflorus and even P. iftssfuims 

 are probably forms of it.) 



-I— 4— Leaves all undivided, narrow : stems junciforra. 



P. Rothirockii, Geat. Glabrous, or involucre obscurely pnberulent : stems 1 to 3 feet 

 high, slender, erect from a thickened perennial root: leaves narrowly lanceolate or linear, 

 entire or merely denticulate (3 to 9 inches long, 1 J to 4 lines wide) ; radical ones spatulate- 

 lanceolate: calyculate bracts of involucre short and subulate: head in fruit only two-thirds 

 inch high : pappus sordid-whitish. — Proc. Am. Acad. xi. 80; Rothrock in Wheeler Kep. vi. 

 ISl, t. 14. — lloimtains of S. Arizona, liOtlirock, Lemmon. 



233. CHONDRfLiIjA, L. (Xatne by Dioscorides, of unexplained mean- 

 in"', for some gummiferous plant.) — Old ^Vorld herb.?, perennials or biennials; 

 with virgate or rush-like stems and branches, leafy below, and small heads of 

 yellow flowers ; one species introduced. 



-C. .JUN'CE-i, L. Hirsute towards the base, 1 to 3 feet high, glalirous above: lower leaves runci- 

 nate ; upper linear and entire, those on the long slender branches reduced to linear-subulate 

 bracts: heads scattered or in small c]u.sters and nearly sessile along the branches : akenes 

 somewhat clavate, bearing a circle of scales at base of the filiform beak. — Old fields and 

 banks, S. Maryland and X. Virginia, common about Washington. (Xat. from En.) 



234. LACTtJ'CA, Tourn. Letti'Ce. (Ancient Latin name, from lac, 

 milk, referring to the milky juice.) — Mostly tall herbs (of the northern hemi- 

 sphere) ; with leafy stems, and paniculate middle-sized or small heads of yellow, 

 blue or sometimes whitish flowers, in summer. Involucre in ours glabrous and 



smooth. Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 524, excl. § 5, 6. Lactuca & Mulgedium, 



Cass., DC, &e. 



