158 



LOCUSTS, BUTTERFLIES, BEES, WASPS 



to the compound eyes there are three simple eyes, one 

 in the middle of the forehead and one at the upper inside 

 corner of each compound eye. 



The mouth parts are fitted for biting and are constructed 

 as follows : on the lower part of the face is a notched flap 

 that can be lifted up with a pin (Fig. 95). This is the 

 upper lip; just beneath this are two hard, black bodies 



with toothed edges, 

 the mandibles (Fig. 

 97) . Below the man- 

 dibles is the second 

 pair of jaws, the max- 

 illse. These are more 

 complicated than the 

 mandibles and each 

 one bears a slender 

 prolongation like an 

 anteima, called a pal- 

 pus. Finally, below 

 98), which is notched 



Fig. 97. - 



- One mandible of i 

 grasshopper. 



locust or 



-The thorax of the 



the maxillse is the lower lip (Fig. 

 and bears two slender palpi. 



The thorax and its appendages 

 locust is composed of three divisions: the prothorax, the 

 division next the head; the mesothorax, the middle division; 

 and the metathorax, the last division (Fig. 94). We can 

 distinguish these divisions by the appendages they bear. 

 For example, there are three pairs of legs on the thorax, of 

 which the first pair is borne by the prothorax, the second pair 

 by the mesothorax, and the third pair by the metathorax. 

 The legs are made up of segments with joints, hence are 

 fitted for movement. The hind pair is very long, large, 

 and muscular. Moreover, the thorax bears two pairs of 



