DEAL 



splits well" (106). "Good for paving" (93). "Durable both 

 in water and in the ground " (129). 



Bark. When young, parchment-like, of light yellowish-brown 

 scales : later, very thick, red brown, deeply fissured, scaly (106). 

 Authorities. Nordlinger (86), vol. iii. p. 13. Schwartz 

 (106), p. 477. Laslett (60), p. 313. Stevenson (113), p. 154. 

 Boppe (ii), p. 92. Petsche (92), p. 77. De Mornay (70), p. 115. 

 Westermeier (129), p. 40. Mathieu (69), p. 588. Wiesner (131), 

 L. 6, p. 153. 



Colour. Heart reddish and resin-coloured, well denned from 

 the whitish sap-wood. " Honey- coloured to reddish-brown " (104). 

 " Sap-wood 27-80 rings wide. The colour of the heart appears 

 after exposure to the air " (131). 

 Anatomical Characters. Transverse section : — 

 Pores. Present as resin-canals : rather large : on the limit of 

 vision : lighter than the ground, but contrasting little : not 

 white-looking : few : often double the size of those of the Spruce. 

 " Usually very clear " (131). 



Rays. Just visible from their lighter colour : light brown : 

 apparently two sizes : one rowed and many rowed, a considerable 

 number of the latter, but fewer than in the Spruce : taper rapidly. 

 Rings. Very clear and prominent, often conspicuous : the 

 Autumn wood much denser, but merging gradually into that of 

 the Spring : a sharp contrast at the boundary. 



Ground-tissue. Very coarse : the cells gradually diminishing 

 in size towards the outer side of the ring : in radial rows, which 

 vary amongst themselves. 



Horizontal Resin Pores. In the many- rowed rays, and difficult 

 to find : just visible with the lens : crimson. 



Pith. Brown, about 1 mm. diameter, round, radiating : of 

 large, coarse, round cells. 



Radial Section. Much lighter in shade than the transverse 

 section. Pores not easily seen except when soiled, though large : 

 their resinous contents collect the dust. Rays readily visible 

 from the play of light only. Ground- tissue satiny and crystal- 

 line. Rays (see Horizontal Resin Pores). 



Type specimens from commercial sources. It is difficult to put 

 the differences between this wood and that of the Spruce upon 

 paper, but perhaps the more abundant resin, the larger pores and 

 scarcer large rays may afford clues. 



Microscopically a distinction may be made. The bordered pits 

 upon the walls of the cells of the tracheids of the rays adjoining 

 those of the wood are the height of the former by the width of the 

 latter : shortly, they are as large as the surfaces in contact allow. 

 In the Spruce they are much smaller, and there may be several 

 within the same limits. 



273 T 



