LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS xxiii 



Fia. Page 



XI. 1. The Flower of the Lesser Butterfly Orchid (Hahenaria 



hifolia, Eothb.). Enlarged .... 137 



„ 2. A Pollinium. Much enlarged. 



XII. The PoUinium of an Orchid as removed from the flower, 

 adhering by the disc to the end of a needle. Much 

 magnified ....... 139 



1. The position immediately after removal from the 



flower. 



2. The position assumed shortly afterwards. 



XIII. The Underground Stem or Corm of the Spring Crocus 



{Crocus vernus, All.), in Spring. (The scale-leaves have 

 been removed.) . . . . . .153 



XIV. Stages in the development of the Fruit of the Water 



Avens (Geum rivcUe, Linn.) . , . .158 



XV. Section of a Flower of the Field Pansy ( Vida tricolor, 



Linn.) ....... 160 



XVI. Eipe Fruit of the Field Pansy {Viola tricolor, Linn.), 

 shooting out its seeds. The top valve has not yet 

 lost any seeds ; the left valve has lost one row ; the 

 right valve, two rows. Enlarged . . .163 



XVn. The Corm or Underground Stem of Colchievm, the 



Meadow Safi&on . . . . . ,167 



XVin. Plants of the Harebell {Campanida rotwuUfolia, Linn.). 

 That on the left grown in the Lowlands ; that on the 

 right in an Alpine garden. (After Bonnier) . . 201 



XIX. The Common Butterwort {Pinguiada vulgaris, Linn.) . 213 



1. Transverse section of a leaf, showing the glands on 



the upper surface. Somewhat enlarged. 



2. A side view of a gland. 1,. . , , , 



3. A surface view of a gland. /^^<=^ ^"^^^^^ 



XX. A Staminode from a Flower of the Grass-of-Parnassus 



{Pa/rnasda pal'ustris,'LmD..). Much magnified . . 217 



XXI. Stamen of a Bilberry (FaccimMJw) . . . . 223 



