330 



APPENDIX II 



In the Saxifrage (Text-fig. XXVIII.) we have an example 

 of an incompletely epigynous flower. The petals and stamens 

 grow from the edge of the calyx tube, which is fused with the 

 lower part of the gynceceum. The gynceceum consists of two 

 carpels, not unlike two short pea-pods fused together. 



The Groundsel (Text-fig. XXIX.) belongs to a more 



Fio. XXIX. — The Head of Flowers of the Groundsel, Senecio (natural 

 order Compositse). Enlarged. 



advanced type, in which a number of tiny flowers orjhrets are 

 all crowded together into a head or capitulum, surrounded by 

 an involucre of bracts. Thus we have an inflorescence or 

 collection of flowers simulating a single flower. The Groundsel 

 is an example of the natural order Compositae, to which the 

 Edelweiss (Plate I., Fig. 1) also belongs. The flowers are all 

 epigynous. The calyx is represented by hairs, which, later on, 



