66 MANUAL OF GARDENING 
lawn at its farther edge for the purpose of keeping cattle off the 
place, and thereby bring in the adjacent Jandscape. Figure 64 
suggests how thismay be done. The depression near the foot of 
the lawn, which is really a ditch and scarcely visible from the 
TST ea Lp 
Wtighaes ey, 
64. A sunken fence athwart a foreground. 
upper part of the place because of the slight elevation on its 
inner rim, answers all the purposes of a fence. 
Nearly all trees are injured if the dirt is filled about the 
base to the depth of a foot or more. The natural base of the 
plant should be exposed so far as possible, not only for protec- 
tion of the tree, but because the base of a tree trunk is one of 
its most distinctive features. Oaks, maples, and in fact most 
65. Protecting a tree in filled land. 
trees will lose their bark near the crown if the dirt is piled 
against them; and this is especially true if the water tends 
to settle about the trunks. Figure 65 shows how this difficulty 
may be obviated. A well is stoned up, allowing a space of a 
