128 MANUAL OF GARDENING 
devices already described (Figs. 113-120); or in large areas, the 
place may be staked out. In planting orchards, the area is 
laid out (preferably by a surveyor) with two or more rows of 
stakes so placed that a man may sight from one fixed point to 
140. Device for placing the tree. 
another. Two or three men work to best advantage in such 
planting. 
There are various devices for locating the place of the stake 
after the stake has been removed and the hole dug, in case the 
area is not regularly staked 
out in such a way that sight- 
ing across the area may be 
employed. One of the sim- 
plest is shown in Fig. 139. 
It is a narrow and thin board 
with a notch in the center 
and a peg in either end, one 
of the pegs being stationary. 
The implement is so placed 
that the notch meets the 
stake, then one end of it is 
thrown out of the way until 
the hole is dug. When tlie implement is brought again to its 
original position, the notch marks the place of the stake and 
the tree. Figure 140 is a device with a lid, in the end of which 
is a notch to mark the place of the stake. This lid is thrown 
back, as shown by the dotted lines, when the hole is being 
dug. Figure 141 shows a method of bringing trees in row by 
measuring from a line. 
141. Lining a tree from a stake. 
