PROTECTING PLANTS 187 
and the upper edge of the cotton turned down like the top of 
a boot; the insects cannot crawl over this obstruction (p. 203). 
The maggots that attack the roots of 
cabbages and cauliflowers may be kept 
from the plant by pieces of tarred: paper, 
which are placed close about the stem upon 
the surface of the ground. Fig. 232 illus- 
trates a hexagon of paper, and also shows 
a tool used for cutting it. This means of 
preventing the attacks of the cabbage © “jii) Hl 
maggot is described in detail by the late Se Nea aa I 
Professor Goff (for 230. Protecting from 
another method of es 
controlling cabbage maggot see p. 201) :— 
“The cards are cut in a hexagonal 
form, in order better to economize the 
material, and a thinner grade of tarred 
paper than the 
ordinary roofing = 
felt is used, as 
it is not only 
cheaper, but. be- 
ing more flexible, 
ey _ the cards made 
““""~7  - = from it are more 
231. Protecting trees from readily placed lil 
eee about the plant : 
without being torn. The blade of the Ka Cau 
tool, which should be made by an expert aes. Sie tine eeaneite 
blacksmith, is formed from a band of cut for protecting cab- 
steel, bent in the form of a half hexagon, ec 
and then taking an acute angle, reaches 
nearly to the center, as shown in Fig. 232. The part making 
the star-shaped cut is formed from a separate piece of steel, so 
