330 MANUAL OF GARDENING 
Cork elm, U. racemosa.* 
Softer in aspect than the last, and more picturesque in winter, having promi. 
nent ridges of bark on its branches; slow grower. 
Red or slippery elm, U. fulva.* 
Occasionally useful in a group or shelter-belt; a stiff grower. 
English elm, U. campestris, and Scotch or wych elm, U. scabra (U. 
mantana). 
Often planted, but are inferior to U. Americana for street planting, al- 
though useful in collections. These have many horticultural forms. 
Non-coniferous trees for the South. 
Among deciduous trees for the region of Washington and 
south may be mentioned: Acer, the American and European 
species as for the North; Catalpa bignonioides and especially 
C. speciosa; celtis; cercis, both American and Japanese; flower- 
ing dogwood, profusely native; white ash; ginkgo; kcelreuteria; 
sweet gum (liquidambar); American linden; tulip tree; mag- 
nolias much as for the North; China-berry (Melia Azedarach) ; 
Texas umbrella-tree (var. umbraculiformis of the preceding); 
mulberries; oxydendrum; paulownia; oriental plane-tree; 
native oaks of the regions; Robinia Pseudacacia; weeping 
willow; Sophora Japonica; Sterculia platanifolia; American 
elm. 
Broad-leaved evergreens of real tree size useful for the South 
may be found among the cherry laurels, magnolias, and oaks. 
Among the cherry laurels are: Portugal laurel (Prunus Lusi- 
tanica), English cherry laurel in several forms (P. Laurocerasus), 
and the “mock-orange” or “wild orange” (P. Caroliniana). 
In magnolia, the splendid M. grandiflora is everywhere used. 
In oaks, the live-oak (Quercus Virginiana, known also as 
Q. virens and Q. sempervirens) is the universal species. The 
cork oak (Q. Suber) is also recommended. 
