THE ORNAMENTAL PLANTS — CONIFERS 333 
tioned, will tend to preserve the lower limbs, and it will not be 
marked enough to alter the form of the tree. 
The number of excellent coniferous evergreens now offered in 
the American trade is large. They are slow of growth and 
require much room if good specimens are to be obtained; but 
if the space can be had and the proper exposure secured, no 
trees add greater dignity and distinction to an estate. Reli- 
able comments on the rarer conifers may be found in the cata- 
logues of the best nurserymen. 
List of shrubby contfers. 
The following list contains the most usual of the shrub-like 
coniferous evergreens, with asterisks (*) to mark those native to 
this country. The double dagger (f) in this and the succeeding 
list marks those species that are found to be hardy at Ottawa, 
Ontario, and are recommended by the Central Experimental 
Farm of Canada. 
Dwarf arborvite, Thuja occidentalis.* 
There are many dwarf and compact varieties of arborvite, most of which 
are excellent for small places. The most desirable for general purposes, and 
also the largest, is the so-called Siberian. Other very desirable forms are 
those sold as globosa, ericoides, compacta,t Hovey,{ Ellwangeriana,{ pyra- 
midalis,t Wareana (or Sibirica),t and aurea Douglasit.t 
Japanese arborvite or retinospora, Chamecyparis of various species. 
Retinosporas ¢ under names as follows: Cupressus cricoides, 2 ft., with fine 
soft delicate green foliage that assumes a purplish tinge in winter; C. 
pisifera, one of the best, with a pendulous habit and bright green foliage; 
C. pisifera var. filifera, with drooping branches and thread-like pendulous 
branches; C. pisifera var. plumosa, more compact than P. pisifera and 
feathery; var. aurea of the last, ‘one of the most beautiful golden-leaved 
evergreen shrubs in cultivation.” 
Juniper, Juniperus communis,* and garden varieties. 
The juniper is a partially trailing plant, of loose habit, suitable for banks 
and rocky places. There are upright and very formal varieties of it, the best 
being those sold as var. Hibernica (fastigiata),t ‘Irish juniper,” and var. 
Suecica, ‘Swedish juniper.” 
