PEAR—PLUM 439 
manures should be avoided, as they tend to make a rank growth and 
invite attacks of pear blight, which is the worst enemy of the pear 
(p. 211). 
Varieties of the pear. 
As a selection to supply a succession of varieties throughout the 
season, the following list is recommended : — 
Early. — Summer Doyenne, Bloodgood, Clapp, Osband, Elizabeth 
(Manning’s Elizabeth). 
Autumn. — Bartlett, Boussock, Flemish (Flemish Beauty), Buffum, 
Howell, Seckel (Fig. 281), Louise Bonne, An- 
gouléme (Duchesse d’Angouléme) (Fig. 282), 
Sheldon. 
Winter. — Anjou, Clairgeau, Lawrence, 
Kieffer (Figs. 283, 284), Winter Nelis, and 
Easter Beurre. 
For ordinary market purposes the following 
have been proved valuable: Bartlett, Howell, 
Anjou, Clairgeau, and Lawrence. In the 
central and southern states, Kieffer is grown 
successfully. For home use this variety is 
not to be recommended in the North, because 
of its poor quality and smaller size. 
For growing as dwarfs, Angouléme 
(Duchesse d’Angouléme), Louise Bonne, 
Anjou, Clairgeau, and Lawrence are most popular, but many other 
varieties thrive on the quince. 
284. Kieffer pear. 
Plum. — Of plums there are three general or common types: first, 
the common Domestica or European plum, which gives rise to all the 
older varieties, like Lombard, Bradshaw, Green Gage, the Prunes, the 
Egg plums, the Damsons, and the like; second, the Japanese plums, 
which have become popular within the last twenty years, and which are 
adapted to a wider range of country than the Domesticas; third, the 
native plums of several species or types, which are adapted to the 
plains, the middle and southern states, and some kinds to the cold 
North. 
