25 
consists of Volusia loam, Dunkirk stony clay, Dumkirk and 
Miami stony loam. These soils were formed by glacial 
action in a slightly different way and from different 
materials, than the soils in the southern part of the 
x county. The Volusia loam, Dunkirk and Miami soil types 
contain more or less lime. Chestnut does not grow well 
on limestone soil or soils rich in lime. It would seem 
natural to conclude that it would not be wise to plant 
chestnut on these soils. 
On the other hand, chestnut is generally distributed 
in the southern townships, Caroline, Dryden, Danby, Ithaca, 
Newfield and part of Enfield. In these townships, 
especially on the Volusia silt loam, chestnut grows 
luxuriantly. The Volusia silt loam is formed largely 
from the underlying shale rock. 
While chestnut seems to be the tree most subject to 
soil conditions, it is also to be observed that such types 
of trees as the elms, hickories, basswood, ash, walnuts, 
and hemlock grow better on the soils in the northern part 
of the county than in the southern. The oaks, pines and 
maples are generally distributed over the cowmty regardless 
of soil conditions. 
It would be natural to conclude from these observa- 
tions that the soil has considerable influence on the 
species of trees grown in a given locality, and that a 
study of these conditions is necessary in order to decide 
what kinds of trees to plant on a given soil in Tompkins 
County. 
