94 SOUTHERN PORK PRODUCTION 



the transfer and assimilation of nutrients and in the 

 elimination of waste, and the proper exercise of their 

 functions demands a vigorous and strong constitution. 

 Constitution is of no consequence to the butcher, but it 

 is the breeder and feeder that must take it into account. 

 Especially in breeding swine is it of importance, for they 

 must not only provide the needs of their own bodies, but 

 also of their offspring. Constitution is indicated to a 

 large extent by a deep, broad, full body and large heart 

 girth. This allows of ample room for the functioning of 

 the vital organs. The eyes should be full, bright and 

 clear. The bones must not be too fine. 



Early maturity. — Early maturity refers to the ability of 

 the animal to fatten sufficiently for marketing at an early 

 age. It is the result of selection over many decades, and 

 most of our improved breeds of swine possess the 

 capacity to a marked degree. The tendency in breeding 

 has been continually toward an earlier maturing type. 

 Formerly hogs were not marketed until one year of age 

 or over. Now they are sent to market at from six to nine 

 months. Indications of early maturity are to be found 

 largely in form and type. General refinement and com- 

 pactness and ideal pork form are compatible with early 

 maturity. Especially should the heart girth and chest 

 development be ample. Extreme early maturity has a 

 tendency to weaken the constitution. 



Character in unsexed swine. — Barrows and spayed 

 sows should attain a certain development of character 

 that is inexpressive of either sex. They should be neither 

 masculine nor feminine. When unsexed the second- 

 ary sexual development of either males or females tends 



