SWINE DISEASES AND THEIR CONTROL 207 



In the construction of a concrete dipping vat the ex- 

 cavation should be dug 8 inches larger than the dimen- 

 sions given above, which will allow for a 4-inch wall. 

 The grouting should be placed first on the bottom and on 

 the incline. The inside forms should then be put up, 

 using the dirt as the outside forms. Reinforcements of 

 woven wire can be used to strengthen the vat, but it is 

 unnecessary. A 1 :2 :4 mixture should be used for the 

 grouting and a 1 :2 mixture for the facing. Anyone 

 contemplating the construction of a vat should secure 

 some of the excellent bulletins and other publications 

 devoted to the subject. Most all of the state veteri- 

 narians and State Agricultural Extension Departments 

 are equipped to give instructions and information along 

 this line and in many instances they can furnish a limited 

 amount of immediate supervision. 



Dipping solutions. — There are many effective solutions 

 that can be used in dipping vats for treating lice and 

 mange. Crude oil, lubricating or engine oil, or kerosene 

 to which some sulphur has been added, when placed on 

 top of the water in the vat, makes a fairly good dip. A 

 mixture of 8 pounds of fresh lime, 24 pounds of 

 flowers of sulphur and 100 gallons of water makes a 

 large quantity of good disinfectant when properly pre- 

 pared. The lime should be slaked with enough water to 

 form a thick paste, with which the sulphur should be well 

 mixed. Twenty-five or 30 gallons of water are then 

 added and the whole boiled for at least an hour. Water 

 sufficient to make 100 gallons of dip is then added. This 

 dip gives the best results when used warm, although it 

 is nearly as effective used cold. In addition to the home- 

 made dips there are several excellent commercial dips 



